---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a pa… — COVID and staying home · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a pandemic? Exam question 2 of lesson 12 «COVID and staying home» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 2 · COVID and staying home

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a pandemic?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** pandemic

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 12 «COVID and staying home» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/medicine/12-covid-and-staying-home/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:12-covid-and-staying-home:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a pandemic?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | a pandemic |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A seasonal increase in colds within one town

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:12-covid-and-staying-home:e2:o1:1
# text = A seasonal increase in colds within one town
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	seasonal	seasonal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	increase	increase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	colds	cold	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	within	within	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An outbreak confined to a single household

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:12-covid-and-staying-home:e2:o2:1
# text = An outbreak confined to a single household
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	outbreak	outbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	confined	confine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	household	household	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confine** | participle |  | a outbreak *not said here* |  | a single household |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to household=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A disease affecting animals exclusively

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:12-covid-and-staying-home:e2:o3:1
# text = A disease affecting animals exclusively
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	affecting	affect	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **affect** | gerund | a disease *not said here* | animals |  |  |  | exclusively *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus animal=Experiencer |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A novel disease disseminated across many countries in the absence of immunity

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:12-covid-and-staying-home:e2:o4:1
# text = A novel disease disseminated across many countries in the absence of immunity
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	novel	novel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	disseminated	disseminate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	immunity	immunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **disseminate** | participle |  | a novel disease *not said here* |  | many countries |  | in the absence of immunity | vn contribute-13.2-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **absent** |  |  | immunity |  |  |  |  | nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [COVID and staying home, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/12-covid-and-staying-home/e1/)
- next →: [COVID and staying home, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/12-covid-and-staying-home/e3/)
- ↑ back to [COVID and staying home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/12-covid-and-staying-home/)