---
title: Identify the principal reason for which antibacterial agents are not… — Antibiotics, viruses and side effects · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which antibacterial agents are not prescribed in cases of the common cold. Exam question 1 of lesson 19 «Antibiotics, viruses and side effects» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each optio
---

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# Exam question 1 · Antibiotics, viruses and side effects

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which antibacterial agents are not prescribed in cases of the common cold.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, not prescribe · **To what, where:** principal reason, antibacterial agents, cases

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 19 «Antibiotics, viruses and side effects» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/medicine/19-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:19-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which antibacterial agents are not prescribed in cases of the common cold.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
7	antibacterial	antibacterial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	agents	agent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	prescribed	prescribe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	cases	case	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **prescribe** | present · passive |  | antibacterial agents |  | cases of the common cold |  | for the principal reason | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The agents aggravate nasal congestion

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:19-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects:e1:o1:1
# text = The agents aggravate nasal congestion
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	agents	agent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	aggravate	aggravate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	nasal	nasal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	congestion	congestion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aggravate** | present | the agents | nasal congestion |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus congestion=Experiencer |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The agents are reserved exclusively for adults

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:19-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects:e1:o2:1
# text = The agents are reserved exclusively for adults
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	agents	agent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	reserved	reserve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reserve** | present · passive |  | the agents |  |  |  | for adults; exclusively *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Theme for adult=Beneficiary |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The causative organism is a virus, upon which such agents exert no effect

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:19-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects:e1:o3:1
# text = The causative organism is a virus, upon which such agents exert no effect
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	causative	causative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	organism	organism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	virus	virus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	agents	agent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	exert	exert	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
13	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	14	det	_	_
14	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the causative organism | a virus |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **exert** | present | such agents | no effect |  |  |  | upon a virus | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The condition resolves too swiftly for any medicament

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:19-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects:e1:o4:1
# text = The condition resolves too swiftly for any medicament
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	condition	condition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	resolves	resolve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	swiftly	swiftly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	medicament	medicament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **resolve** | present | the condition |  |  |  |  | for any medicament; swiftly *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Antibiotics, viruses and side effects, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/19-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects/t11/)
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