---
title: Ascertain the cause of the bone disease rickets, as recorded in the… — Mum's vitamin and cod-liver oil · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the cause of the bone disease rickets, as recorded in the urban populations of former centuries. Exam question 1 of lesson 22 «Mum's vitamin and cod-liver oil» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova'
---

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# Exam question 1 · Mum's vitamin and cod-liver oil

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the cause of the bone disease rickets, as recorded in the urban populations of former centuries.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, record, cause · **To what, where:** cause, urban populations, bone disease rickets

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 22 «Mum's vitamin and cod-liver oil» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/medicine/22-mums-vitamin-and-cod-liver-oil/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:22-mums-vitamin-and-cod-liver-oil:e1:1
# text = Ascertain the cause of the bone disease rickets, as recorded in the urban populations of former centuries.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	rickets	ricket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	recorded	record	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	parataxis	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	urban	urban	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	populations	population	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the cause of the bone disease rickets |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cause=Topic |
| 2 | **record** | participle |  |  |  | the urban populations of former centuries |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in population=Destination |
| 3 | **cause** |  |  | the bone disease rickets |  |  |  |  | nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An infection transmitted by fish

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:22-mums-vitamin-and-cod-liver-oil:e1:o1:1
# text = An infection transmitted by fish
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	infection	infection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	transmitted	transmit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transmit** | participle |  | a infection *not said here* |  |  |  | by fish | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A deficiency of vitamin C, owing to a want of fresh fruit and vegetables

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:22-mums-vitamin-and-cod-liver-oil:e1:o2:1
# text = A deficiency of vitamin C, owing to a want of fresh fruit and vegetables
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	deficiency	deficiency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	vitamin	vitamin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	C	C	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	owing	owe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	want	want	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	vegetables	vegetable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **owe** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | to a want of fresh fruit and vegetables *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to want=Goal |
| 2 | **want** |  |  | fresh fruit and vegetables |  |  |  |  | nom want «state transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A deficiency of vitamin D, owing to insufficient sunlight

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:22-mums-vitamin-and-cod-liver-oil:e1:o3:1
# text = A deficiency of vitamin D, owing to insufficient sunlight
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	deficiency	deficiency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	vitamin	vitamin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	D	D	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	owing	owe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **owe** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | to insufficient sunlight *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to sunlight=Goal |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An excess of dietary calcium

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:22-mums-vitamin-and-cod-liver-oil:e1:o4:1
# text = An excess of dietary calcium
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	excess	excess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	dietary	dietary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	calcium	calcium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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