---
title: Why might a city at war turn off fairground lights to power its defe… — Why we sleep when ill · tree and pragmatics
description: Why might a city at war turn off fairground lights to power its defences? How is your body similar? Test 8 · ★★ of lesson 31 «Why we sleep when ill» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 8 · ★★ · Why we sleep when ill

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why might a city at war turn off fairground lights to power its defences? How is your body similar?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** city, body · **What happens:** turn off, defend, be · **To what, where:** fairground lights

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 31 «Why we sleep when ill» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/medicine/31-why-we-sleep-when-ill/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Why might a city at war turn off fairground lights to power its defences?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:31-why-we-sleep-when-ill:t8:1
# text = Why might a city at war turn off fairground lights to power its defences?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
2	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	fairground	fairground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	defences	defence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn off** | might | a city at war | fairground lights |  |  |  | power *obl* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent light=Patient |
| 2 | **defend** |  | city |  |  |  |  |  | nom defence «process transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* How is your body similar?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:31-why-we-sleep-when-ill:t8:2
# text = How is your body similar?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	similar	similar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | your body |  |  |  |  | similar *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The body makes extra energy for play

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:31-why-we-sleep-when-ill:t8:o1:1
# text = The body makes extra energy for play
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the body | extra energy |  |  |  | for play | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent energy=Product for play=Asset |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It saves energy for fighting, like the body making you sleepy and less hungry

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:31-why-we-sleep-when-ill:t8:o2:1
# text = It saves energy for fighting, like the body making you sleepy and less hungry
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saves	save	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
10	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	sleepy	sleepy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	15	advmod	_	_
15	hungry	hungry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **save** | present | It | energy |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme |
| 2 | **fight** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | gerund | the body *not said here* | you |  |  |  | sleepy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The body turns off the heart for a while, so that the legs and arms get more power

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:31-why-we-sleep-when-ill:t8:o3:1
# text = The body turns off the heart for a while, so that the legs and arms get more power
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	while	while	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
11	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
17	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	amod	_	_
19	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn off** | present | the body | the heart |  |  | while |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heart=Patient |
| 2 | **get** | present | the legs and arms | more power |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer power=Stimulus |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It isn't similar at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:31-why-we-sleep-when-ill:t8:o4:1
# text = It isn't similar at all
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	similar	similar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | It |  |  | all |  | similar *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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