---
title: Ascertain the most accurate characterisation of bravery in the conte… — Needles and brave faces · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the most accurate characterisation of bravery in the context of medical treatment. Exam question 4 of lesson 32 «Needles and brave faces» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 4 · Needles and brave faces

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the most accurate characterisation of bravery in the context of medical treatment.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, characterise · **To what, where:** accurate characterisation, bravery

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 32 «Needles and brave faces» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/medicine/32-needles-and-brave-faces/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:32-needles-and-brave-faces:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the most accurate characterisation of bravery in the context of medical treatment.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	4	advmod	_	_
4	accurate	accurate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	characterisation	characterisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	bravery	bravery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	context	context	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	medical	medical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	treatment	treatment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the accurate characterisation of bravery in the context of medical treatment |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent characterisation=Topic |
| 2 | **characterise** |  |  | bravery in the context of medical treatment |  |  |  |  | nom characterisation «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The refusal of numbing preparations

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:32-needles-and-brave-faces:e4:o1:1
# text = The refusal of numbing preparations
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	refusal	refusal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	numbing	numbing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	preparations	preparation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refuse** |  |  | numbing preparations |  |  |  |  | nom refusal «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The undertaking of the treatment notwithstanding fear

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:32-needles-and-brave-faces:e4:o2:1
# text = The undertaking of the treatment notwithstanding fear
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	undertaking	undertaking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	treatment	treatment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
7	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **notwithstand** | gerund | the undertaking of the treatment *not said here* | fear |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **undertake** |  |  | the treatment |  |  |  |  | nom undertaking «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The complete absence of fear in the patient

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:32-needles-and-brave-faces:e4:o3:1
# text = The complete absence of fear in the patient
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	patient	patient	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **absent** |  |  | fear in the patient |  |  |  |  | nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The suppression of all tears

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:32-needles-and-brave-faces:e4:o4:1
# text = The suppression of all tears
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	suppression	suppression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suppress** |  |  | all tears |  |  |  |  | nom suppression «process transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Needles and brave faces, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/32-needles-and-brave-faces/e3/)
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