--- title: Identify the principal reason for which the rate of respiration incr… — Heart and lungs when you run · tree and pragmatics description: Identify the principal reason for which the rate of respiration increases during vigorous running. Exam question 1 of lesson 36 «Heart and lungs when you run» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice wa --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/) / [Heart and lungs when you run](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · Heart and lungs when you run Identify the principal reason for which the rate of respiration increases during vigorous running. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify · **To what, where:** principal reason This is exam question 1 of lesson 36 «Heart and lungs when you run» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/medicine/36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:medicine:36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run:e1:1 # text = Identify the principal reason for which the rate of respiration increases during vigorous running. 1 Identify identify VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 principal principal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 reason reason NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 5 for for ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 obl _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 rate rate NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 respiration respiration NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 11 increases increase NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 12 during during ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 vigorous vigorous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 running running NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 15 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason the rate of respiration increases during vigorous running | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} The lungs contract and gradually lose their capacity to hold air ```conllu # sent_id = question:medicine:36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run:e1:o1:1 # text = The lungs contract and gradually lose their capacity to hold air 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 lungs lung NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 compound _ _ 3 contract contract NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 gradually gradually ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 lose lose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 7 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 capacity capacity NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 advcl _ _ 11 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lose** | present | | their capacity | | | | gradually *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent capacity=Eventuality | | 2 | **hold** | to-infinitive | | air | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme | ### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2} The working muscles require an increased supply of oxygen ```conllu # sent_id = question:medicine:36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run:e1:o2:1 # text = The working muscles require an increased supply of oxygen 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 working working NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 muscles muscle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 require require VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 increased increase VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 amod _ _ 7 supply supply NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 oxygen oxygen NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **require** | present | the working muscles | a increased supply of oxygen | | | | | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme supply=Precondition | | 2 | **increase** | participle | | | | | | | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ### Option 3 {#o3} The air becomes deficient in oxygen ```conllu # sent_id = question:medicine:36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run:e1:o3:1 # text = The air becomes deficient in oxygen 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 becomes become VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 deficient deficient ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 xcomp _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 oxygen oxygen NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **become** | present | the air | | | | | in oxygen *result*; deficient *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in oxygen=Result | ### Option 4 {#o4} The heart ceases to circulate the blood ```conllu # sent_id = question:medicine:36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run:e1:o4:1 # text = The heart ceases to circulate the blood 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 ceases cease VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 circulate circulate VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cease** | present | the heart | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | | 2 | **circulate** | to-infinitive | the heart *not said here* | the blood | | | | | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location blood=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Heart and lungs when you run, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run/t11/) - next →: [Heart and lungs when you run, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run/e2/) - ↑ back to [Heart and lungs when you run](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run/)