---
title: Grandad, back in his day: "Breathe through your nose, son, open mout… — Heart and lungs when you run · tree and pragmatics
description: Grandad, back in his day: "Breathe through your nose, son, open mouth lets the cold in." On a steep hill? Test 5 of lesson 36 «Heart and lungs when you run» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was 
---

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# Test 5 · Heart and lungs when you run

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad, back in his day: "Breathe through your nose, son, open mouth lets the cold in." On a steep hill?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** day, Grandad · **What happens:** breathe, let in · **To what, where:** nose, cold

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 of lesson 36 «Heart and lungs when you run» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/medicine/36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Grandad, back in his day: "Breathe through your nose, son, open mouth lets the cold in."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run:t5:1
# text = Grandad, back in his day: "Breathe through your nose, son, open mouth lets the cold in."
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	back	back	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Breathe	breathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	through	through	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
18	lets	let	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** *in a quote* | infinitive | Grandad's day *not said here* |  |  | your nose and son and open mouth |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **let in** *in a quote* | present | Grandad | the cold |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* On a steep hill?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run:t5:2
# text = On a steep hill?
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	steep	steep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Breathing through the mouth too is fine at hard effort

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run:t5:o1:1
# text = Breathing through the mouth too is fine at hard effort
1	Breathing	breathe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	through	through	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	too	too	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | gerund |  |  |  | the mouth |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | Breathing |  |  | hard effort |  | fine *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nose lets in more air when sprinting

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run:t5:o2:1
# text = The nose lets in more air when sprinting
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lets	let	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
8	sprinting	sprint	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | present | the nose |  |  | more air |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sprint** | gerund | the nose *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mouth breathing shrinks the lungs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run:t5:o3:1
# text = Mouth breathing shrinks the lungs
1	Mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	breathing	breathe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	shrinks	shrink	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | gerund | Mouth *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **shrink** | present | Mouth | the lungs |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent lung=Patient |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mouth breathing on a cold hill makes you catch a cold

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run:t5:o4:1
# text = Mouth breathing on a cold hill makes you catch a cold
1	Mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	breathing	breathe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | gerund | Mouth *not said here* |  |  | a cold hill |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Agent on hill=Destination |
| 2 | **make** | present | Mouth | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **catch** | infinitive | you *not said here* | a cold |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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