---
title: Identify the principle that most accurately characterises the acquis… — Muscles: getting stronger and getting… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principle that most accurately characterises the acquisition of physical fitness. Exam question 2 of lesson 38 «Muscles: getting stronger and getting fitter» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova
---

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# Exam question 2 · Muscles: getting stronger and getting fitter

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principle that most accurately characterises the acquisition of physical fitness.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, most · **What happens:** identify, characteris, acquire · **To what, where:** principle, acquisition, physical fitness

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 38 «Muscles: getting stronger and getting fitter» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/medicine/38-muscles-getting-stronger-and-getting-fitter/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:38-muscles-getting-stronger-and-getting-fitter:e2:1
# text = Identify the principle that most accurately characterises the acquisition of physical fitness.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	principle	principle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	nsubj	_	_
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	fitness	fitness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principle |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent principle=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present | most | the acquisition of physical fitness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **acquire** |  |  | physical fitness |  |  |  |  | nom acquisition «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A single session of maximal exertion each year

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:38-muscles-getting-stronger-and-getting-fitter:e2:o1:1
# text = A single session of maximal exertion each year
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	session	session	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	maximal	maximal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	exertion	exertion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Inheritance alone, without any training whatsoever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:38-muscles-getting-stronger-and-getting-fitter:e2:o2:1
# text = Inheritance alone, without any training whatsoever
1	Inheritance	inheritance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	without	without	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
6	training	training	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
7	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Prolonged abstention from activity

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:38-muscles-getting-stronger-and-getting-fitter:e2:o3:1
# text = Prolonged abstention from activity
1	Prolonged	prolong	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	abstention	abstention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prolong** | participle |  | abstention |  | activity |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent abstention=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Regular moderate sessions sustained over time

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:38-muscles-getting-stronger-and-getting-fitter:e2:o4:1
# text = Regular moderate sessions sustained over time
1	Regular	regular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	moderate	moderate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sessions	session	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	sustained	sustain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sustain** | participle |  | Regular moderate sessions *not said here* |  |  | time |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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