---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises conc… — A knock to the head in sport: if in do… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises concussion sustained in sport? Exam question 2 of lesson 47 «A knock to the head in sport: if in doubt, sit them out» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each o
---

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# Exam question 2 · A knock to the head in sport: if in doubt, sit them out

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises concussion sustained in sport?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, sustain · **To what, where:** concussion, sport

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 47 «A knock to the head in sport: if in doubt, sit them out» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/medicine/47-a-knock-to-the-head-in-sport-if-in-doubt-sit-them-out/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:47-a-knock-to-the-head-in-sport-if-in-doubt-sit-them-out:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises concussion sustained in sport?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	concussion	concussion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	sustained	sustain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | concussion |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **sustain** | participle |  | concussion *not said here* |  | sport |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An injury reliably demonstrated by a routine scan

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:47-a-knock-to-the-head-in-sport-if-in-doubt-sit-them-out:e2:o1:1
# text = An injury reliably demonstrated by a routine scan
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	reliably	reliably	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	routine	routine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	scan	scan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **demonstrate** | participle · passive | a routine scan | a injury |  |  |  | reliably *property* | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot subject=Topic |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An injury which invariably renders the participant unconscious

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:47-a-knock-to-the-head-in-sport-if-in-doubt-sit-them-out:e2:o2:1
# text = An injury which invariably renders the participant unconscious
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
4	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	renders	render	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	participant	participant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	unconscious	unconscious	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **render** | present | a injury | the participant unconscious |  |  |  | invariably *property* | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent unconscious=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An injury entirely prevented by protective headgear

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:47-a-knock-to-the-head-in-sport-if-in-doubt-sit-them-out:e2:o3:1
# text = An injury entirely prevented by protective headgear
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	prevented	prevent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	protective	protective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	headgear	headgear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prevent** | participle | a injury |  |  |  |  | by protective headgear; entirely *property* | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A brain injury which frequently occurs without loss of consciousness

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:47-a-knock-to-the-head-in-sport-if-in-doubt-sit-them-out:e2:o4:1
# text = A brain injury which frequently occurs without loss of consciousness
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	frequently	frequently	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	occurs	occur	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	without	without	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	consciousness	consciousness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occur** | present | a brain injury |  |  |  |  | without loss of consciousness; frequently *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [A knock to the head in sport: if in do…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/47-a-knock-to-the-head-in-sport-if-in-doubt-sit-them-out/e1/)
- next →: [A knock to the head in sport: if in do…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/47-a-knock-to-the-head-in-sport-if-in-doubt-sit-them-out/e3/)
- ↑ back to [A knock to the head in sport: if in doubt, sit them out](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/47-a-knock-to-the-head-in-sport-if-in-doubt-sit-them-out/)