---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises sunb… — Burns, sunburn and stings · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises sunburn? Exam question 2 of lesson 6 «Burns, sunburn and stings» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 2 · Burns, sunburn and stings

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises sunburn?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** sunburn

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 6 «Burns, sunburn and stings» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/medicine/6-burns-sunburn-and-stings/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:6-burns-sunburn-and-stings:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises sunburn?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	sunburn	sunburn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | sunburn |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Damage caused solely by heat reflected from sand

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:6-burns-sunburn-and-stings:e2:o1:1
# text = Damage caused solely by heat reflected from sand
1	Damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	reflected	reflect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | participle |  | Damage *not said here* |  |  |  | by heat; solely *property* | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **reflect** | participle |  | heat *not said here* |  | sand |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Damage occurring exclusively on cloudless days of high temperature

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:6-burns-sunburn-and-stings:e2:o2:1
# text = Damage occurring exclusively on cloudless days of high temperature
1	Damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	occurring	occur	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	cloudless	cloudless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occur** | gerund | Damage *not said here* |  |  |  | day | exclusively *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Damage to skin cells by ultraviolet radiation, possible beneath cloud

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:6-burns-sunburn-and-stings:e2:o3:1
# text = Damage to skin cells by ultraviolet radiation, possible beneath cloud
1	Damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	cells	cell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	ultraviolet	ultraviolet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	radiation	radiation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	possible	possible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
10	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **damage** |  | ultraviolet radiation |  |  |  |  | to skin cells | nom damage «event transitive»: to=obl by=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A harmless darkening of the skin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:6-burns-sunburn-and-stings:e2:o4:1
# text = A harmless darkening of the skin
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	darkening	darkening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **darken** |  |  | the skin |  |  |  |  | nom darkening «act transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Burns, sunburn and stings, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/6-burns-sunburn-and-stings/e1/)
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