---
title: It is given that a helmet has sustained an impact in a collision. St… — Bike helmets and roads · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a helmet has sustained an impact in a collision. State the appropriate course of action. Exam question 2 of lesson 72 «Bike helmets and roads» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Exam question 2 · Bike helmets and roads

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a helmet has sustained an impact in a collision. State the appropriate course of action.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** give, sustain · **To what, where:** It, helmet

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 72 «Bike helmets and roads» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/medicine/72-bike-helmets-and-roads/#e2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a helmet has sustained an impact in a collision.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:72-bike-helmets-and-roads:e2:1
# text = It is given that a helmet has sustained an impact in a collision.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	helmet	helmet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	sustained	sustain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	impact	impact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	collision	collision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **sustain** | present · perfect · passive |  | a helmet |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* State the appropriate course of action.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:72-bike-helmets-and-roads:e2:2
# text = State the appropriate course of action.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No action is required if it appears intact

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:72-bike-helmets-and-roads:e2:o1:1
# text = No action is required if it appears intact
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	appears	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	intact	intact	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive |  | no action |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |
| 2 | **appear** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | it |  |  |  |  | intact *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The helmet is to be replaced

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:72-bike-helmets-and-roads:e2:o2:1
# text = The helmet is to be replaced
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	helmet	helmet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	replaced	replace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | present · passive |  | the helmet |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The helmet is to be worn reversed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:72-bike-helmets-and-roads:e2:o3:1
# text = The helmet is to be worn reversed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	helmet	helmet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	reversed	reverse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present · passive |  | the helmet |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **reverse** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The helmet is to be repaired with adhesive tape

```conllu
# sent_id = question:medicine:72-bike-helmets-and-roads:e2:o4:1
# text = The helmet is to be repaired with adhesive tape
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	helmet	helmet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	repaired	repair	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	adhesive	adhesive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	tape	tape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repair** | present · passive |  | the helmet |  |  |  | with adhesive tape | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with tape=Instrument |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Bike helmets and roads, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/72-bike-helmets-and-roads/e1/)
- next →: [Bike helmets and roads, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/72-bike-helmets-and-roads/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Bike helmets and roads](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/72-bike-helmets-and-roads/)