---
title: Identify the means by which young birds acquire the capacity of flig… — Birds and baby animals · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the means by which young birds acquire the capacity of flight. Exam question 3 of lesson 10 «Birds and baby animals» of the myths course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 3 · Birds and baby animals

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the means by which young birds acquire the capacity of flight.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, the, young birds · **What happens:** identify, mean, acquire · **To what, where:** capacity · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 10 «Birds and baby animals» of the myths course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/myths/10-birds-and-baby-animals/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:10-birds-and-baby-animals:e3:1
# text = Identify the means by which young birds acquire the capacity of flight.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obl	_	_
6	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	acquire	acquire	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	capacity	capacity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	flight	flight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **acquire** | present | young birds | the capacity of flight |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent capacity=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Instruction delivered while still within the egg

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:10-birds-and-baby-animals:e3:o1:1
# text = Instruction delivered while still within the egg
1	Instruction	instruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	delivered	deliver	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	2	advcl	_	_
5	within	within	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deliver** | past | Instruction |  |  |  |  | within the egg | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being carried aloft and released by the father

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:10-birds-and-baby-animals:e3:o2:1
# text = Being carried aloft and released by the father
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	aux:pass	_	_
2	carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	aloft	aloft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	released	release	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:agent	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  | aloft *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP» |
| 2 | **release** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Instinct and practice, with encouragement from the parents

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:10-birds-and-baby-animals:e3:o3:1
# text = Instinct and practice, with encouragement from the parents
1	Instinct	instinct	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	encouragement	encouragement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being pushed from the nest by the mother on a fixed day of the year

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:10-birds-and-baby-animals:e3:o4:1
# text = Being pushed from the nest by the mother on a fixed day of the year
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	aux:pass	_	_
2	pushed	push	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push** | gerund · passive | the mother |  |  |  | day | from the nest | vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from nest=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **fix** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- next →: [Birds and baby animals, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/myths/10-birds-and-baby-animals/e4/)
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