---
title: In a cartoon a tiny hummingbird sits on a goose's back, flying south… — Birds and baby animals · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon a tiny hummingbird sits on a goose's back, flying south. What's the real story? Test 4 · ★ of lesson 10 «Birds and baby animals» of the myths course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 4 · ★ · Birds and baby animals

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon a tiny hummingbird sits on a goose's back, flying south. What's the real story?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** tiny hummingbird, real story · **What happens:** sit, fly, be · **To what, where:** cartoon

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 10 «Birds and baby animals» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/myths/10-birds-and-baby-animals/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon a tiny hummingbird sits on a goose's back, flying south.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:10-birds-and-baby-animals:t4:1
# text = In a cartoon a tiny hummingbird sits on a goose's back, flying south.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	hummingbird	hummingbird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	sits	sit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	goose	goose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
15	south	south	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | present | a tiny hummingbird |  |  | a cartoon |  | on a goose's back | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cartoon=Location |
| 2 | **fly** | gerund | a tiny hummingbird *not said here* |  |  |  |  | south *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What's the real story?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:10-birds-and-baby-animals:t4:2
# text = What's the real story?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the real story |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That's exactly how they migrate

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:10-birds-and-baby-animals:t4:o1:1
# text = That's exactly how they migrate
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	migrate	migrate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | That |  |  |  |  | exactly, how *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **migrate** | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hummingbirds make their long journeys by themselves

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:10-birds-and-baby-animals:t4:o2:1
# text = Hummingbirds make their long journeys by themselves
1	Hummingbirds	hummingbird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	journeys	journey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Hummingbirds | Hummingbirds's long journeys |  |  |  | by Hummingbirds *= hummingbird* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset journey=Product |
| 2 | **journey** |  | Hummingbirds *= hummingbird* |  |  |  |  |  | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Geese carry them only over the sea, then they fly alone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:10-birds-and-baby-animals:t4:o3:1
# text = Geese carry them only over the sea, then they fly alone
1	Geese	goose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	carry	carry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	fly	fly	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
12	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | present | Geese | them *= they* |  | the sea |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 2 | **fly** | present | Geese *= goose* |  |  |  | then | alone *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hummingbirds walk south instead

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:10-birds-and-baby-animals:t4:o4:1
# text = Hummingbirds walk south instead
1	Hummingbirds	hummingbird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walk	walk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	south	south	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	instead	instead	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | present | Hummingbirds |  |  |  |  | instead, south *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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