---
title: Ascertain the source of the light by which the Moon is observed. — The Moon, the planets and the stars · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the source of the light by which the Moon is observed. Exam question 4 of lesson 14 «The Moon, the planets and the stars» of the myths course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 4 · The Moon, the planets and the stars

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the source of the light by which the Moon is observed.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, light · **What happens:** ascertain, observe · **To what, where:** source, Moon

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 14 «The Moon, the planets and the stars» of the myths course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/myths/14-the-moon-the-planets-and-the-stars/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:14-the-moon-the-planets-and-the-stars:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the source of the light by which the Moon is observed.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	observed	observe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the source of the light |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent source=Topic |
| 2 | **observe** | present · passive | the light | the Moon |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sunlight reflected from its surface

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:14-the-moon-the-planets-and-the-stars:e4:o1:1
# text = Sunlight reflected from its surface
1	Sunlight	Sunlight	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reflected	reflect	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reflect** | past | Sunlight |  |  | its surface |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Light emitted by its volcanic activity

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:14-the-moon-the-planets-and-the-stars:e4:o2:1
# text = Light emitted by its volcanic activity
1	Light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	emitted	emit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	volcanic	volcanic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **emit** | participle |  | Light *not said here* |  |  |  | by Light's volcanic activity | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Light generated within its own interior

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:14-the-moon-the-planets-and-the-stars:e4:o3:1
# text = Light generated within its own interior
1	Light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	generated	generate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	within	within	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	interior	interior	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **generate** | participle |  | Light *not said here* |  |  |  | within Light's own interior | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Light received from distant stars alone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:myths:14-the-moon-the-planets-and-the-stars:e4:o4:1
# text = Light received from distant stars alone
1	Light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	received	receive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	distant	distant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **receive** | past | Light |  |  | distant stars |  | alone *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from star=Source |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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