---
title: It is given that a ball is projected vertically upwards. Ascertain t… — Why things fall: the apple and the pul… · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a ball is projected vertically upwards. Ascertain the condition of the gravitational force at the highest point of its path. Exam question 3 of lesson 1 «Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree an
---

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# Exam question 3 · Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a ball is projected vertically upwards. Ascertain the condition of the gravitational force at the highest point of its path.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** give, project, ascertain, condition, point · **To what, where:** It, ball, condition, gravitational force, path

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 1 «Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/1-why-things-fall/#e3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a ball is projected vertically upwards.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:1-why-things-fall:e3:1
# text = It is given that a ball is projected vertically upwards.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	projected	project	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	vertically	vertically	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	upwards	upwards	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **project** | present · passive |  | a ball |  |  |  | upwards, vertically *property* | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: subject=Value |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain the condition of the gravitational force at the highest point of its path.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:1-why-things-fall:e3:2
# text = Ascertain the condition of the gravitational force at the highest point of its path.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	condition	condition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	gravitational	gravitational	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	11	amod	_	_
11	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the condition of the gravitational force at the highest point of point's path |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent condition=Topic |
| 2 | **condition** |  |  | the gravitational force at the highest point of point's path |  |  |  |  | nom condition «state transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **point** |  |  | point's path |  |  |  |  | nom point «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is reversed and acts upwards

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:1-why-things-fall:e3:o1:1
# text = It is reversed and acts upwards
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	reversed	reverse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	acts	act	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	upwards	upwards	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reverse** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **act** | present |  |  |  |  |  | upwards *property* | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It continues to act upon the ball

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:1-why-things-fall:e3:o2:1
# text = It continues to act upon the ball
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	continues	continue	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	act	act	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **continue** | present | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn continue-55.3 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **act** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | upon the ball | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is replaced by the resistance of the air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:1-why-things-fall:e3:o3:1
# text = It is replaced by the resistance of the air
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	replaced	replace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	resistance	resistance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | present · passive | the resistance of the air | It |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **resist** |  |  | the air |  |  |  |  | nom resistance «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It ceases entirely for an instant

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:1-why-things-fall:e3:o4:1
# text = It ceases entirely for an instant
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ceases	cease	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	instant	instant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cease** | present | It |  |  |  |  | for a instant; entirely *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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