---
title: In Newton's cradle you swing two balls in. What happens? — Swings and pendulums · tree and pragmatics
description: In Newton's cradle you swing two balls in. What happens? Test 3 · ★★ of lesson 10 «Swings and pendulums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 3 · ★★ · Swings and pendulums

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Newton's cradle you swing two balls in. What happens?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** swing, happen · **To what, where:** two balls, cradle

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 10 «Swings and pendulums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/10-swings-and-pendulums/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In Newton's cradle you swing two balls in.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:10-swings-and-pendulums:t3:1
# text = In Newton's cradle you swing two balls in.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	Newton	Newton	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	cradle	cradle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	swing	swing	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	balls	ball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swing** | present | you | two balls |  | Newton's cradle |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme in cradle=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What happens?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:10-swings-and-pendulums:t3:2
# text = What happens?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	nsubj	_	_
2	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All the balls swing together

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:10-swings-and-pendulums:t3:o1:1
# text = All the balls swing together
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	balls	ball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	swing	swing	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	together	together	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swing** | present | all balls |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two balls fly out the other side

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:10-swings-and-pendulums:t3:o2:1
# text = Two balls fly out the other side
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	balls	ball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fly	fly	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly out** | present | Two balls | the other side |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One ball flies out twice as fast

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:10-swings-and-pendulums:t3:o3:1
# text = One ball flies out twice as fast
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flies	fly	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	3	advmod	_	_
6	as	as	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly out** | present | One ball |  |  |  |  | fast, twice *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing moves at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:10-swings-and-pendulums:t3:o4:1
# text = Nothing moves at all
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	2	nsubj	_	_
2	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | present | Nothing |  |  | all |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme at all=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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