---
title: Identify the principal reason for which water boils at a reduced tem… — Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacu… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which water boils at a reduced temperature at high altitude. Exam question 1 of lesson 16 «Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's c
---

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# Exam question 1 · Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which water boils at a reduced temperature at high altitude.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, water · **What happens:** identify, boil, reduce · **To what, where:** principal reason, reduced temperature

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 16 «Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which water boils at a reduced temperature at high altitude.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obl	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	boils	boil	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	reduced	reduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	altitude	altitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **boil** | present | water |  |  | a reduced temperature |  | for the principal reason; at high altitude | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **reduce** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The vessel conducts heat less readily

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums:e1:o1:1
# text = The vessel conducts heat less readily
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vessel	vessel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	conducts	conduct	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	_
6	readily	readily	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **conduct** | present | the vessel | heat |  |  |  | readily *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The atmospheric pressure acting upon the water is diminished

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums:e1:o2:1
# text = The atmospheric pressure acting upon the water is diminished
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	atmospheric	atmospheric	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	pressure	pressure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	acting	act	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	diminished	diminish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **act** | gerund | the atmospheric pressure *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon the water | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **diminish** | present · passive |  | the atmospheric pressure |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The flame burns more fiercely in the thin air found at high altitude

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums:e1:o3:1
# text = The flame burns more fiercely in the thin air found at high altitude
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	flame	flame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	burns	burn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
5	fiercely	fiercely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	altitude	altitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | present | the flame |  |  | the thin air |  | fiercely *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location |
| 2 | **find** | participle |  | the thin air *not said here* |  | high altitude |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The water is of a different chemical composition

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums:e1:o4:1
# text = The water is of a different chemical composition
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	chemical	chemical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the water |  |  |  |  | of a different chemical composition | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacu…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/t11/)
- next →: [Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacu…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/)