---
title: Identify the principal reason for which thunder is perceived subsequ… — Thunder, sirens and how fast sound tra… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which thunder is perceived subsequent to the corresponding flash of lightning. Exam question 1 of lesson 18 «Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of ea
---

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# Exam question 1 · Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which thunder is perceived subsequent to the corresponding flash of lightning.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, lightning · **What happens:** identify, perceive, correspond, flash · **To what, where:** principal reason, thunder

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 18 «Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which thunder is perceived subsequent to the corresponding flash of lightning.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
7	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
10	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	corresponding	correspond	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	amod	_	_
14	flash	flash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **perceive** | present · passive |  | thunder |  |  |  | for the principal reason; to the corresponding flash of lightning; subsequent *property* | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme to flash=be' |
| 3 | **correspond** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **flash** |  | lightning |  |  |  |  |  | nom flash «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The thunder is produced after the lightning has ceased

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels:e1:o1:1
# text = The thunder is produced after the lightning has ceased
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	produced	produce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	ceased	cease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | present · passive |  | the thunder |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **cease** | present · perfect · passive |  | the lightning |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lightning and the thunder originate in different clouds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels:e1:o2:1
# text = The lightning and the thunder originate in different clouds
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	originate	originate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **originate** | infinitive | the lightning and the thunder |  |  | different clouds |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ear responds more slowly than the eye

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels:e1:o3:1
# text = The ear responds more slowly than the eye
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	responds	respond	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
5	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **respond** *speech: other* | present | the ear |  |  |  |  | than the eye; slowly *property* | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Light is propagated at a vastly greater speed than sound

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels:e1:o4:1
# text = Light is propagated at a vastly greater speed than sound
1	Light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	propagated	propagate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	vastly	vastly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
8	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **propagate** | present · passive |  | Light |  | a greater speed |  | than sound | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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