---
title: It is given that the light of the Sun requires approximately eight m… — Light and shadows · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that the light of the Sun requires approximately eight minutes to reach the Earth. Determine what may be inferred should the Sun cease to shine. Exam question 3 of lesson 20 «Light and shadows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the
---

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# Exam question 3 · Light and shadows

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that the light of the Sun requires approximately eight minutes to reach the Earth. Determine what may be inferred should the Sun cease to shine.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** light, you, Sun · **What happens:** give, require, reach, light, determine, infer · **To what, where:** It, Earth, Sun

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 20 «Light and shadows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/20-light-and-shadows/#e3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that the light of the Sun requires approximately eight minutes to reach the Earth.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:20-light-and-shadows:e3:1
# text = It is given that the light of the Sun requires approximately eight minutes to reach the Earth.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	requires	require	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
11	approximately	approximately	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **require** | present | the light of the Sun |  |  |  | minute |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **reach** | to-infinitive | the light of the Sun *not said here* | the Earth |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent earth=Theme |
| 4 | **light** |  |  | the Sun |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Determine what may be inferred should the Sun cease to shine.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:20-light-and-shadows:e3:2
# text = Determine what may be inferred should the Sun cease to shine.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
3	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	inferred	infer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	ccomp	_	_
6	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	cease	cease	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	shine	shine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **infer** | may · passive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: what=Theme |
| 3 | **cease** | should | the Sun |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **shine** | to-infinitive | the Sun *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its extinction would be perceived instantaneously

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:20-light-and-shadows:e3:o1:1
# text = Its extinction would be perceived instantaneously
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	extinction	extinction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	instantaneously	instantaneously	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perceive** | would · passive |  | Its extinction |  |  |  | instantaneously *property* | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **extinguish** |  | Its *= it* |  |  |  |  |  | nom extinction «state transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its extinction would not be perceived for approximately eight minutes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:20-light-and-shadows:e3:o2:1
# text = Its extinction would not be perceived for approximately eight minutes
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	extinction	extinction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	approximately	approximately	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **perceive** | would · passive |  | Its extinction |  |  | minute |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **extinguish** |  | Its *= it* |  |  |  |  |  | nom extinction «state transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its extinction could never be perceived

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:20-light-and-shadows:e3:o3:1
# text = Its extinction could never be perceived
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	extinction	extinction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **perceive** | could · passive |  | Its extinction |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **extinguish** |  | Its *= it* |  |  |  |  |  | nom extinction «state transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its extinction would be perceived after eight days

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:20-light-and-shadows:e3:o4:1
# text = Its extinction would be perceived after eight days
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	extinction	extinction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perceive** | would · passive |  | Its extinction |  |  | day |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **extinguish** |  | Its *= it* |  |  |  |  |  | nom extinction «state transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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