---
title: Which is true about light and shadow? — Light and shadows · tree and pragmatics
description: Which is true about light and shadow? Test 9 of lesson 20 «Light and shadows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 9 · Light and shadows

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which is true about light and shadow?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **What happens:** be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 of lesson 20 «Light and shadows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/20-light-and-shadows/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:20-light-and-shadows:t9:1
# text = Which is true about light and shadow?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | about light and shadow; true *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shadow can bend round corners

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:20-light-and-shadows:t9:o1:1
# text = A shadow can bend round corners
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	bend	bend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	corners	corner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bend** | can | a shadow | round corners |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent corner=Material |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shadows are made of dark gas

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:20-light-and-shadows:t9:o2:1
# text = Shadows are made of dark gas
1	Shadows	shadow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Shadows |  |  |  | of dark gas | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shadow has the outline of the thing that blocks the light

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:20-light-and-shadows:t9:o3:1
# text = A shadow has the outline of the thing that blocks the light
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	outline	outline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	blocks	block	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a shadow | the outline of the thing |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent outline=Patient |
| 2 | **block** | present | the thing | the light |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer light=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shadows are thicker on sunny days at noon

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:20-light-and-shadows:t9:o4:1
# text = Shadows are thicker on sunny days at noon
1	Shadows	shadow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	thicker	thick	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	sunny	sunny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	noon	noon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Shadows |  |  |  | day; noon | thick *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Light and shadows, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/20-light-and-shadows/t8/)
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