--- title: Why does a heron stab a little beside where the fish appears to be? — Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky · tree and pragmatics description: Why does a heron stab a little beside where the fish appears to be? Test 5 · ★ of lesson 21 «Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky/t5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/) / [Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky/) / t5 # Test 5 · ★ · Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky Why does a heron stab a little beside where the fish appears to be? **Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** heron, fish · **What happens:** stab, appear, be · **To what, where:** little This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 21 «Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky/#t5). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:physics:21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky:t5:1 # text = Why does a heron stab a little beside where the fish appears to be? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 5 advmod _ _ 2 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 heron heron NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 stab stab VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 obl:unmarked _ _ 8 beside beside ADP IN _ 12 mark _ _ 9 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 12 advmod _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 fish fish NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 appears appear VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 advcl _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 14 be be VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 15 ? ? PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stab** | present · do-support | a heron | a little | | | | | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **appear** | present | the fish | | | | | | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | | 3 | **be** | to-infinitive | the fish *not said here* | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1} Light bending at the surface makes the fish look shifted ```conllu # sent_id = question:physics:21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky:t5:o1:1 # text = Light bending at the surface makes the fish look shifted 1 Light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 2 bending bend VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 1 acl _ _ 3 at at ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 surface surface NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 6 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 9 look look VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 ccomp _ _ 10 shifted shift VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bend** | gerund | Light *not said here* | | | the surface | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at surface=Location | | 2 | **make** | present | Light | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **look** | present | the fish | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **shift** | participle | the fish *not said here* | | | | | | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ### Option 2 {#o2} Herons have bad eyesight ```conllu # sent_id = question:physics:21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky:t5:o2:1 # text = Herons have bad eyesight 1 Herons heron NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 bad bad ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 eyesight eyesight NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Herons | bad eyesight | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eyesight=Patient | ### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3} Fish swim backwards to trick herons ```conllu # sent_id = question:physics:21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky:t5:o3:1 # text = Fish swim backwards to trick herons 1 Fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 swim swim VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 backwards backwards ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 trick trick VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl _ _ 6 herons heron NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **swim** | present | Fish | | | | | backwards *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **trick** | to-infinitive | Fish *not said here* | herons | | | | | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heron=Patient | ### Option 4 {#o4} The heron's beak is bent ```conllu # sent_id = question:physics:21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky:t5:o4:1 # text = The heron's beak is bent 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 heron heron NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 3 's 's PART POS _ 2 case _ _ 4 beak beak NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 bent bend VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bend** | present · passive | | the heron's beak | | | | | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: subject=Material | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky/t4/) - next →: [Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky, test 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky/t6/) - ↑ back to [Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky/)