--- title: State the principle whereby a liquid-in-glass thermometer indicates… — Heat moves: hot to cold · tree and pragmatics description: State the principle whereby a liquid-in-glass thermometer indicates temperature. Exam question 4 of lesson 23 «Heat moves: hot to cold» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/e4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/) / [Heat moves: hot to cold](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/) / e4 # Exam question 4 · Heat moves: hot to cold State the principle whereby a liquid-in-glass thermometer indicates temperature. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, liquid · **What happens:** state, indicate · **To what, where:** principle, temperature This is exam question 4 of lesson 23 «Heat moves: hot to cold» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/#e4). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:physics:23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold:e4:1 # text = State the principle whereby a liquid-in-glass thermometer indicates temperature. 1 State state VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 principle principle NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 4 whereby whereby ADV WRB PronType=Int 12 advmod _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 liquid liquid NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 8 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ SpaceAfter=No 9 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 8 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 10 glass glass NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 11 thermometer thermometer NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 12 indicates indicate VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 advcl _ _ 13 temperature temperature NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 14 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **state** *speech: other* | imperative | you *not said here* | the principle | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent principle=Topic | | 2 | **indicate** | present | a liquid and glass thermometer | temperature | | | | whereby *property* | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot temperature=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} The liquid alters its colour with temperature ```conllu # sent_id = question:physics:23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold:e4:o1:1 # text = The liquid alters its colour with temperature 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 liquid liquid NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 alters alter VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 5 colour colour NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 with with ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 temperature temperature NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **alter** | present | the liquid | liquid's colour | | | | with temperature | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent colour=Patient with temperature=Instrument | ### Option 2 {#o2} The glass emits light in proportion to the heat ```conllu # sent_id = question:physics:23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold:e4:o2:1 # text = The glass emits light in proportion to the heat 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 glass glass NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 emits emit VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 proportion proportion NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 to to ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **emit** | present | the glass | light | | proportion | | to the heat | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source light=Theme | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} The liquid expands upon warming and contracts upon cooling ```conllu # sent_id = question:physics:23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold:e4:o3:1 # text = The liquid expands upon warming and contracts upon cooling 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 liquid liquid NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 expands expand VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 upon upon ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 warming warming NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 contracts contract NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 8 upon upon ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 cooling cooling NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **expand** | present | the liquid | | | | | upon warming and contracts; upon cooling | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ### Option 4 {#o4} The liquid evaporates at a fixed rate ```conllu # sent_id = question:physics:23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold:e4:o4:1 # text = The liquid evaporates at a fixed rate 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 liquid liquid NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 evaporates evaporate VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 at at ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 fixed fix VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 amod _ _ 7 rate rate NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **evaporate** | present | the liquid | | | a fixed rate | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **fix** | participle | | | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Heat moves: hot to cold, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/e3/) - next →: [Melting, freezing and boiling, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/24-melting-freezing-and-boiling/t1/) - ↑ back to [Heat moves: hot to cold](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/)