---
title: Identify the principal reason for which the external surface of a ch… — Melting, freezing and boiling · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which the external surface of a chilled beverage can becomes wet. Exam question 1 of lesson 24 «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Exam question 1 · Melting, freezing and boiling

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which the external surface of a chilled beverage can becomes wet.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, external surface · **What happens:** identify, chill, become · **To what, where:** principal reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 24 «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/24-melting-freezing-and-boiling/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:24-melting-freezing-and-boiling:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which the external surface of a chilled beverage can becomes wet.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	external	external	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	chilled	chill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	beverage	beverage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl	_	_
16	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **chill** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **become** | can | the external surface of a chilled beverage |  |  |  |  | for the principal reason; wet *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The beverage permeates the metal of the can

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:24-melting-freezing-and-boiling:e1:o1:1
# text = The beverage permeates the metal of the can
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	beverage	beverage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	permeates	permeate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **permeate** | present | the beverage | the metal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The metal itself liberates water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:24-melting-freezing-and-boiling:e1:o2:1
# text = The metal itself liberates water
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	2	nmod:unmarked	_	_
4	liberates	liberate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **liberate** | present | the metal  metal | water |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Water vapour in the ambient air condenses upon the cold surface

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:24-melting-freezing-and-boiling:e1:o3:1
# text = Water vapour in the ambient air condenses upon the cold surface
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	vapour	vapour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	ambient	ambient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	condenses	condense	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **condense** | present | Water vapour in the ambient air |  |  |  |  | upon the cold surface | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The can is wetted by the warm hand that holds it, which perspires

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:24-melting-freezing-and-boiling:e1:o4:1
# text = The can is wetted by the warm hand that holds it, which perspires
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	wetted	wett	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	perspires	perspire	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wett** | can · passive | the warm hand |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | present | the warm hand | hand |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **perspire** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exhale-40.1.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Melting, freezing and boiling, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/24-melting-freezing-and-boiling/t11/)
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