---
title: A runner on a humid, still day overheats far more than on a dry, bre… — Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulat… · tree and pragmatics
description: A runner on a humid, still day overheats far more than on a dry, breezy day at the same temperature. Why? Test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 25 «Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulation and sweat» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of ea
---

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# Test 10 · ★★★ · Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulation and sweat

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A runner on a humid, still day overheats far more than on a dry, breezy day at the same temperature. Why?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** runner · **What happens:** overheat · **To what, where:** more

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 25 «Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulation and sweat» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/25-keeping-warm-and-keeping-cool/#t10).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A runner on a humid, still day overheats far more than on a dry, breezy day at the same temperature.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:25-keeping-warm-and-keeping-cool:t10:1
# text = A runner on a humid, still day overheats far more than on a dry, breezy day at the same temperature.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	runner	runner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	humid	humid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	still	still	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	overheats	overheat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	_
11	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	obj	_	_
12	than	than	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
15	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
17	breezy	breezy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
19	at	at	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overheat** | present | a runner on a humid | more |  |  | still |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent more=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:25-keeping-warm-and-keeping-cool:t10:2
# text = Why?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Breezes make the Sun's rays much weaker, so they heat her less

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:25-keeping-warm-and-keeping-cool:t10:o1:1
# text = Breezes make the Sun's rays much weaker, so they heat her less
1	Breezes	breeze	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	rays	ray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
7	much	much	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	weaker	weak	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	heat	heat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	12	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Breezes | the Sun's rays |  |  |  | weak *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset ray=Product |
| 2 | **heat** | present | Breezes *= breeze* | her *= she* |  |  |  | less *property* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent she=Patient |
| 3 | **ray** |  | the Sun |  |  |  |  |  | nom ray «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sweat dries badly in humid, still air, so it cools her less

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:25-keeping-warm-and-keeping-cool:t10:o2:1
# text = Sweat dries badly in humid, still air, so it cools her less
1	Sweat	sweat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	dries	dry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	humid	humid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	still	still	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	cools	cool	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	12	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dry** | present | Sweat | air |  | humid |  | badly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **cool** | present | Sweat | her *= she* |  |  |  | less *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent she=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Humid air is always hotter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:25-keeping-warm-and-keeping-cool:t10:o3:1
# text = Humid air is always hotter
1	Humid	humid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	5	advmod	_	_
5	hotter	hot	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Humid air |  |  |  |  | always, hot *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dry air makes runners slower

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:25-keeping-warm-and-keeping-cool:t10:o4:1
# text = Dry air makes runners slower
1	Dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	runners	runner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	slower	slow	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Dry air | runners |  |  |  | slow *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset runner=Product |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulat…, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/25-keeping-warm-and-keeping-cool/t9/)
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