---
title: Mate reckons a parachute works cos the cloth is lighter than air. ri… — Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely · tree and pragmatics
description: Mate reckons a parachute works cos the cloth is lighter than air. right? Test 11 · ★ of lesson 3 «Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 11 · ★ · Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mate reckons a parachute works cos the cloth is lighter than air. right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Mate, parachute, cloth · **What happens:** reckon, work, be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 3 «Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/3-parachutes-and-falling-safely/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:3-parachutes-and-falling-safely:t11:1
# text = Mate reckons a parachute works cos the cloth is lighter than air. right?
1	Mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reckons	reckon	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	parachute	parachute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	cos	cos	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	lighter	light	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	advcl	_	_
11	than	than	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
14	right	right	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reckon** | present | Mate |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **work** | present | a parachute |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | the cloth |  |  |  |  | than air; light *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, it works because air pushes on the big cloth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:3-parachutes-and-falling-safely:t11:o1:1
# text = No, it works because air pushes on the big cloth
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	pushes	push	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **push** | present | air |  |  |  |  | on the big cloth | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on cloth=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, parachute cloth floats up

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:3-parachutes-and-falling-safely:t11:o2:1
# text = Yes, parachute cloth floats up
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	parachute	parachute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	floats	float	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **float up** | present | parachute cloth |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, it works because the cloth is heavy and steadies you

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:3-parachutes-and-falling-safely:t11:o3:1
# text = No, it works because the cloth is heavy and steadies you
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	steadies	steady	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the cloth |  |  |  |  | heavy *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **steady** | present |  | you |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent you=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, it is filled with light gas

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:3-parachutes-and-falling-safely:t11:o4:1
# text = Yes, it is filled with light gas
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | present · passive |  | it |  |  |  | with light gas | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with gas=Instrument |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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