---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Energy: what makes things happen · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the conservation of energy? Exam question 2 of lesson 31 «Energy: what makes things happen» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was ri
---

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# Exam question 2 · Energy: what makes things happen

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the conservation of energy?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, conserve · **To what, where:** conservation, energy

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 31 «Energy: what makes things happen» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/31-energy-what-makes-things-happen/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:31-energy-what-makes-things-happen:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the conservation of energy?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	conservation	conservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the conservation of energy |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **conserve** |  |  | energy |  |  |  |  | nom conservation «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Energy may change its form, but its total quantity remains constant

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:31-energy-what-makes-things-happen:e2:o1:1
# text = Energy may change its form, but its total quantity remains constant
1	Energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	total	total	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	quantity	quantity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
12	constant	constant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | may | Energy | Energy's form |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Patient |
| 2 | **remain** | present | Energy's total quantity |  |  |  |  | constant *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **form** |  | Energy |  |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Energy is lost entirely when a device ceases operation

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:31-energy-what-makes-things-happen:e2:o2:1
# text = Energy is lost entirely when a device ceases operation
1	Energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	device	device	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	ceases	cease	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | present · passive |  | Energy |  |  |  | entirely *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **cease** | present | a device | operation |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality operation=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Energy is created anew whenever an object moves

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:31-energy-what-makes-things-happen:e2:o3:1
# text = Energy is created anew whenever an object moves
1	Energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	created	create	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	anew	anew	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	whenever	whenever	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **create** | present · passive |  | Energy |  |  |  | anew *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **move** | present | a object |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Energy is consumed and destroyed by every machine

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:31-energy-what-makes-things-happen:e2:o4:1
# text = Energy is consumed and destroyed by every machine
1	Energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	consumed	consume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consume** | present · passive | every machine | Energy |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Asset |
| 2 | **destroy** | participle | every machine *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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