---
title: Ascertain the reason for which a bouncing ball attains a diminished… — Energy: what makes things happen · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the reason for which a bouncing ball attains a diminished height upon each successive rebound. Exam question 3 of lesson 31 «Energy: what makes things happen» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's 
---

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# Exam question 3 · Energy: what makes things happen

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the reason for which a bouncing ball attains a diminished height upon each successive rebound.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, bouncing ball · **What happens:** ascertain, bounce, attain, diminish · **To what, where:** reason, diminished height

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 31 «Energy: what makes things happen» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/31-energy-what-makes-things-happen/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:31-energy-what-makes-things-happen:e3:1
# text = Ascertain the reason for which a bouncing ball attains a diminished height upon each successive rebound.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	bouncing	bounce	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	attains	attain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	diminished	diminish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	det	_	_
15	successive	successive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	rebound	rebound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the reason |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic |
| 2 | **bounce** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **attain** | present | a bouncing ball | a diminished height |  |  |  | for the reason; upon each successive rebound | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent height=Theme for which=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **diminish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The air within the ball is extracted by the floor

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:31-energy-what-makes-things-happen:e3:o1:1
# text = The air within the ball is extracted by the floor
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	within	within	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	extracted	extract	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extract** | present · passive | the floor | the air within the ball |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A portion of its energy is converted into heat and sound upon impact

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:31-energy-what-makes-things-happen:e3:o2:1
# text = A portion of its energy is converted into heat and sound upon impact
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	portion	portion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	converted	convert	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	impact	impact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **convert** | present · passive |  | a portion of portion's energy |  |  |  | into heat and sound upon impact *result* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into heat=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gravitational force increases after each impact

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:31-energy-what-makes-things-happen:e3:o3:1
# text = The gravitational force increases after each impact
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	gravitational	gravitational	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	increases	increase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	impact	impact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | present | the gravitational force |  |  |  | after each impact |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mass of the ball increases upon contact with the floor

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:31-energy-what-makes-things-happen:e3:o4:1
# text = The mass of the ball increases upon contact with the floor
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	increases	increase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	contact	contact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | present | the mass of the ball |  |  |  |  | upon contact with the floor | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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