---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises rene… — Fuels, the Sun and saving energy · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises renewable sources of energy? Exam question 2 of lesson 32 «Fuels, the Sun and saving energy» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was w
---

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# Exam question 2 · Fuels, the Sun and saving energy

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises renewable sources of energy?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** renewable sources

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 32 «Fuels, the Sun and saving energy» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/32-fuels-the-sun-and-saving-energy/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:32-fuels-the-sun-and-saving-energy:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises renewable sources of energy?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	renewable	renewable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	sources	source	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | renewable sources of energy |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are manufactured afresh in factories each day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:32-fuels-the-sun-and-saving-energy:e2:o1:1
# text = They are manufactured afresh in factories each day
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	manufactured	manufacture	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	afresh	afresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	factories	factory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **manufacture** | present · passive |  | They |  | factories | day | afresh *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They may be employed on a single occasion only

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:32-fuels-the-sun-and-saving-energy:e2:o2:1
# text = They may be employed on a single occasion only
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	employed	employ	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	occasion	occasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **employ** | may · passive |  | They |  | a single occasion |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are replenished naturally and are not depleted by use

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:32-fuels-the-sun-and-saving-energy:e2:o3:1
# text = They are replenished naturally and are not depleted by use
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	replenished	replenish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	naturally	naturally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	depleted	deplete	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replenish** | present · passive |  | They |  |  |  | naturally *property* | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination |
| 2 | **not** **deplete** | present · passive | use |  |  |  |  |  | vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are derived exclusively from the burning of coal and wood

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:32-fuels-the-sun-and-saving-energy:e2:o4:1
# text = They are derived exclusively from the burning of coal and wood
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	derived	derive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	burning	burning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present · passive |  | They |  | the burning of coal and wood |  | exclusively *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from burning=Material |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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