---
title: In the car, Mum brakes; your backpack slides forward but your helium… — Rockets, record speeds and motion ever… · tree and pragmatics
description: In the car, Mum brakes; your backpack slides forward but your helium balloon leans back. Why the difference? Test 6 · ★★★ of lesson 38 «Rockets, record speeds and motion everywhere» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each op
---

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# Test 6 · ★★★ · Rockets, record speeds and motion everywhere

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the car, Mum brakes; your backpack slides forward but your helium balloon leans back. Why the difference?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Mum, backpack, helium balloon · **What happens:** brake, slide, lean back · **To what, where:** car

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 · ★★★ of lesson 38 «Rockets, record speeds and motion everywhere» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/38-rockets-record-speeds-and-motion-everywhere/#t6).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In the car, Mum brakes; your backpack slides forward but your helium balloon leans back.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:38-rockets-record-speeds-and-motion-everywhere:t6:1
# text = In the car, Mum brakes; your backpack slides forward but your helium balloon leans back.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	brakes	brake	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	backpack	backpack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	slides	slide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
11	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	helium	helium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	leans	lean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
17	back	back	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **brake** | present | Mum |  |  | the car |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **slide** | present | your backpack |  |  |  |  | forward *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **lean back** | present | your helium balloon |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why the difference?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:38-rockets-record-speeds-and-motion-everywhere:t6:2
# text = Why the difference?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	difference	difference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Balloons always move the opposite way to everything

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:38-rockets-record-speeds-and-motion-everywhere:t6:o1:1
# text = Balloons always move the opposite way to everything
1	Balloons	balloon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
3	move	move	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	opposite	opposite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | present | Balloons | the opposite way |  | everything |  | always *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent way=Theme to everything=Trajectory |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The balloon is heavier than the backpack, so it moves less

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:38-rockets-record-speeds-and-motion-everywhere:t6:o2:1
# text = The balloon is heavier than the backpack, so it moves less
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	heavier	heavy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	backpack	backpack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
12	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the balloon |  |  |  |  | than the backpack; heavy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **move** | present | balloon |  |  |  |  | less *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The air sloshes forward and pushes the light balloon back

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:38-rockets-record-speeds-and-motion-everywhere:t6:o3:1
# text = The air sloshes forward and pushes the light balloon back
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sloshes	slosh	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	pushes	push	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	back	back	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slosh** | present | the air |  |  |  |  | forward *property* | vn pour-9.5 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **push** | present | the air *not said here* | the light balloon |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent balloon=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The balloon is scared of the windscreen

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:38-rockets-record-speeds-and-motion-everywhere:t6:o4:1
# text = The balloon is scared of the windscreen
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	scared	scared	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	windscreen	windscreen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the balloon |  |  |  |  | of the windscreen; scared *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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