---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Day and night, and the Moon's faces · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the phases of the Moon? Exam question 3 of lesson 39 «Day and night, and the Moon's faces» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wro
---

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# Exam question 3 · Day and night, and the Moon's faces

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the phases of the Moon?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** phases

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 39 «Day and night, and the Moon's faces» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/39-day-and-night-and-the-moons-faces/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:39-day-and-night-and-the-moons-faces:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the phases of the Moon?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	phases	phase	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the phases of the Moon |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Moon emits varying quantities of its own light

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:39-day-and-night-and-the-moons-faces:e3:o1:1
# text = The Moon emits varying quantities of its own light
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	emits	emit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	varying	vary	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	quantities	quantity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **emit** | present | the Moon |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **vary** | gerund | the Moon *not said here* | quantities of Moon's own light |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer quantity=Patient |
| 3 | **light** |  | Moon |  |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Varying portions of its sunlit half are visible as it orbits the Earth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:39-day-and-night-and-the-moons-faces:e3:o2:1
# text = Varying portions of its sunlit half are visible as it orbits the Earth
1	Varying	vary	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	portions	portion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	sunlit	sunlit	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	2	nmod	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	visible	visible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	orbits	orbit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vary** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | Varying portions of its sunlit half |  |  |  |  | visible *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **orbit** | present | half | the Earth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Moon alters in actual size through the month

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:39-day-and-night-and-the-moons-faces:e3:o3:1
# text = The Moon alters in actual size through the month
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	alters	alter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	actual	actual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	through	through	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alter** | present | the Moon |  |  | actual size | month |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Earth's shadow obscures varying portions of it each night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:39-day-and-night-and-the-moons-faces:e3:o4:1
# text = The Earth's shadow obscures varying portions of it each night
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	obscures	obscure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	varying	vary	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	portions	portion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nmod	_	_
10	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vary** | gerund | the Earth's shadow obscures *not said here* | portions of Earth |  |  | night |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer portion=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Day and night, and the Moon's faces, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/39-day-and-night-and-the-moons-faces/e2/)
- next →: [Day and night, and the Moon's faces, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/39-day-and-night-and-the-moons-faces/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Day and night, and the Moon's faces](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/39-day-and-night-and-the-moons-faces/)