---
title: A football player kicks softly, then hard. Which is true? — Pushes and pulls: what makes things mo… · tree and pragmatics
description: A football player kicks softly, then hard. Which is true? Test 8 of lesson 4 «Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 8 · Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A football player kicks softly, then hard. Which is true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** football player · **What happens:** kick, be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 of lesson 4 «Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A football player kicks softly, then hard.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop:t8:1
# text = A football player kicks softly, then hard.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	kicks	kick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	softly	softly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
8	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kick** | present | a football player |  |  |  |  | hard, softly *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which is true?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop:t8:2
# text = Which is true?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The harder kick makes a faster ball

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop:t8:o1:1
# text = The harder kick makes a faster ball
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	harder	hard	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	kick	kick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	faster	fast	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the harder kick | a faster ball |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset ball=Product |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kicks do not change the speed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop:t8:o2:1
# text = Kicks do not change the speed
1	Kicks	kick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **change** | present · do-support | Kicks | the speed |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speed=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both kicks make the same speed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop:t8:o3:1
# text = Both kicks make the same speed
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	kicks	kick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | both kicks | the same speed |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset speed=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The softer kick makes a faster ball

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop:t8:o4:1
# text = The softer kick makes a faster ball
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	softer	soft	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	kick	kick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	faster	fast	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the softer kick | a faster ball |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset ball=Product |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Pushes and pulls: what makes things mo…, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop/t7/)
- next →: [Pushes and pulls: what makes things mo…, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop/t9/)
- ↑ back to [Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop/)