---
title: Identify the principal reason for which a pedestrian is enabled to p… — Pushes and pulls all around us · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which a pedestrian is enabled to progress forwards. Exam question 1 of lesson 5 «Pushes and pulls all around us» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Pushes and pulls all around us

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which a pedestrian is enabled to progress forwards.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, enable · **To what, where:** principal reason, pedestrian

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 5 «Pushes and pulls all around us» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which a pedestrian is enabled to progress forwards.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pedestrian	pedestrian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	enabled	enable	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
12	progress	progress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	forwards	forward	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **enable** | present · passive |  | a pedestrian |  |  |  | for the principal reason | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gravitational attraction acts in the forward direction

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us:e1:o1:1
# text = The gravitational attraction acts in the forward direction
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	gravitational	gravitational	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	attraction	attraction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	acts	act	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	forward	forward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ground exerts a forward force in response to the backward push of the foot

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us:e1:o2:1
# text = The ground exerts a forward force in response to the backward push of the foot
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	exerts	exert	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	forward	forward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	backward	backward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	push	push	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exert** | present | the ground | a forward force |  | response |  | to the backward push of the foot | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Theme |
| 2 | **push** |  | the foot |  |  |  |  |  | nom push «act intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The air ahead is displaced by the motion of the body

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us:e1:o3:1
# text = The air ahead is displaced by the motion of the body
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	ahead	ahead	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	displaced	displace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	motion	motion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **displace** | present · passive | the motion of the body | the air |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **motion** |  | the body |  |  |  |  |  | nom motion «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The legs generate a force entirely within the body

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us:e1:o4:1
# text = The legs generate a force entirely within the body
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	generate	generate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	within	within	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **generate** | present | the legs | a force |  |  |  | within the body; entirely *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Pushes and pulls all around us, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us/t11/)
- next →: [Pushes and pulls all around us, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Pushes and pulls all around us](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us/)