---
title: Determine the reason for which sand is distributed upon icy footpaths. — Friction: the grip that stops and helps · tree and pragmatics
description: Determine the reason for which sand is distributed upon icy footpaths. Exam question 4 of lesson 6 «Friction: the grip that stops and helps» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 4 · Friction: the grip that stops and helps

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Determine the reason for which sand is distributed upon icy footpaths.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** determine, distribute · **To what, where:** reason, sand

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 6 «Friction: the grip that stops and helps» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/6-friction-the-grip/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:6-friction-the-grip:e4:1
# text = Determine the reason for which sand is distributed upon icy footpaths.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obl	_	_
6	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	distributed	distribute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	icy	icy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	footpaths	footpath	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | the reason |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic |
| 2 | **distribute** | present · passive |  | sand |  |  |  | for the reason; upon icy footpaths | vn contribute-13.2-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It renders the ice transparent

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:6-friction-the-grip:e4:o1:1
# text = It renders the ice transparent
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	renders	render	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	transparent	transparent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **render** | present | It | the ice |  |  |  | transparent *property* | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ice=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It increases the thickness of the ice beneath

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:6-friction-the-grip:e4:o2:1
# text = It increases the thickness of the ice beneath
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	increases	increase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	thickness	thickness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	beneath	beneath	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | present | It | the thickness of the ice |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer thickness=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It furnishes a rough surface affording grip

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:6-friction-the-grip:e4:o3:1
# text = It furnishes a rough surface affording grip
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	furnishes	furnish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	affording	afford	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	grip	grip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **furnish** | present | It | a rough surface |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent surface=Recipient |
| 2 | **afford** | gerund | a rough surface *not said here* | grip |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It raises the temperature of the path

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:6-friction-the-grip:e4:o4:1
# text = It raises the temperature of the path
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	raises	raise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise** | present | It | the temperature of the path |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent temperature=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Friction: the grip that stops and helps, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/6-friction-the-grip/e3/)
- next →: [Living with friction: oil, wheels and…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/7-living-with-friction/t1/)
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