---
title: It is given that a cyclist applies the front brake alone and with gr… — Riding a bike: why it stays up · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a cyclist applies the front brake alone and with great force. Ascertain the hazard thereby occasioned. Exam question 3 of lesson 9 «Riding a bike: why it stays up» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opt
---

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# Exam question 3 · Riding a bike: why it stays up

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a cyclist applies the front brake alone and with great force. Ascertain the hazard thereby occasioned.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** cyclist, you · **What happens:** give, apply, ascertain, occasion · **To what, where:** It, front brake, hazard

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 9 «Riding a bike: why it stays up» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/physics/9-riding-a-bike/#e3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a cyclist applies the front brake alone and with great force.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:9-riding-a-bike:e3:1
# text = It is given that a cyclist applies the front brake alone and with great force.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cyclist	cyclist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	applies	apply	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	front	front	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	brake	brake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **apply** | present | a cyclist | the front brake |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brake=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain the hazard thereby occasioned.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:9-riding-a-bike:e3:2
# text = Ascertain the hazard thereby occasioned.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	hazard	hazard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	occasioned	occasion	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the hazard |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hazard=Topic |
| 2 | **occasion** | participle |  | the hazard *not said here* |  |  |  | thereby *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pedals may be caused to rotate in reverse

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:9-riding-a-bike:e3:o1:1
# text = The pedals may be caused to rotate in reverse
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pedals	pedal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	rotate	rotate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	reverse	reverse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | may · passive |  | the pedals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rotate** | to-infinitive | the pedals *not said here* |  |  | reverse |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in reverse=Location |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rider may be projected over the handlebars

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:9-riding-a-bike:e3:o2:1
# text = The rider may be projected over the handlebars
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	projected	project	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	handlebars	handlebar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **project** | may · passive |  | the rider |  | the handlebars |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme over handlebar=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rear wheel may be inflated beyond its limit

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:9-riding-a-bike:e3:o3:1
# text = The rear wheel may be inflated beyond its limit
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	rear	rear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	inflated	inflate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	limit	limit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **inflate** | may · passive |  | the rear wheel |  |  |  | beyond wheel's limit | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The frame may be rendered incapable of steering

```conllu
# sent_id = question:physics:9-riding-a-bike:e3:o4:1
# text = The frame may be rendered incapable of steering
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	frame	frame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	rendered	render	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	incapable	incapable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	steering	steering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **render** | may · passive |  | the frame |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient incapable=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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