---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — US elections and the president, as rep… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the outcome of the presidential election of 2016, as reported? Exam question 2 of lesson 16 «US elections and the president, as reported» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the qu
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported/e2/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/) / [US elections and the president, as rep…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported/) / e2

# Exam question 2 · US elections and the president, as reported

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the outcome of the presidential election of 2016, as reported?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, report · **To what, where:** outcome

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 16 «US elections and the president, as reported» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the outcome of the presidential election of 2016, as reported?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	outcome	outcome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	presidential	presidential	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	election	election	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	2016	2016	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
19	reported	report	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the outcome of the presidential election of 2016 |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **report** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The candidate who received the most popular votes also secured the most electors, as had occurred in every previous election

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:e2:o1:1
# text = The candidate who received the most popular votes also secured the most electors, as had occurred in every previous election
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	candidate	candidate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	received	receive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	popular	popular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	votes	vote	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
9	also	also	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	secured	secure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	13	amod	_	_
13	electors	elector	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	occurred	occur	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	21	det	_	_
20	previous	previous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	election	election	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **receive** | past | the candidate | the popular votes |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vote=Theme |
| 2 | **secure** | past | the candidate | the most electors |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition elector=Theme |
| 3 | **occur** | past · perfect | the candidate *not said here* |  |  | every previous election |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in election=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The election was decided by a referendum

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:e2:o2:1
# text = The election was decided by a referendum
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	election	election	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	decided	decide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	referendum	referendum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | past · passive | a referendum | the election |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One candidate received approximately three million more popular votes, whereas the other secured a majority of electors

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:e2:o3:1
# text = One candidate received approximately three million more popular votes, whereas the other secured a majority of electors
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	candidate	candidate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	received	receive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	approximately	approximately	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	compound	_	_
6	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
7	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	_
8	popular	popular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	votes	vote	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	nsubj	_	_
14	secured	secure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	majority	majority	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	electors	elector	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **receive** | past | One candidate | million popular votes |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vote=Theme |
| 2 | **secure** | past | the other | a majority of electors |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition majority=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No candidate secured any electors

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:e2:o4:1
# text = No candidate secured any electors
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	candidate	candidate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	secured	secure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	electors	elector	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **secure** | past | no candidate | any electors |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition elector=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [US elections and the president, as rep…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported/e1/)
- next →: [US elections and the president, as rep…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported/e3/)
- ↑ back to [US elections and the president, as reported](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported/)