---
title: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning… — US elections and the president, as rep… · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the presidential election of 2020, as reported. Exam question 3 of lesson 16 «US elections and the president, as reported» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

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# Exam question 3 · US elections and the president, as reported

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the presidential election of 2020, as reported.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, established facts · **What happens:** select, establish, concern, report · **To what, where:** consistent, presidential election

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 16 «US elections and the president, as reported» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:e3:1
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the presidential election of 2020, as reported.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	presidential	presidential	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	election	election	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	2020	2020	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	reported	report	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the consistent |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consistent=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the presidential election of 2020 |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus election=Experiencer |
| 4 | **report** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Judicial proceedings reversed the result in favour of the candidate who had lost, after which Congress certified the amended result

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:e3:o1:1
# text = Judicial proceedings reversed the result in favour of the candidate who had lost, after which Congress certified the amended result
1	Judicial	judicial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	proceedings	proceedings	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reversed	reverse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	favour	favour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	candidate	candidate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	after	after	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	obl	_	_
17	Congress	Congress	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	certified	certify	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	amended	amend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	amod	_	_
21	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reverse** | past | Judicial proceedings | the result |  | favour of the candidate |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent result=Patient |
| 2 | **lose** | past · perfect | the candidate |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **certify** | past | Congress | the amended result |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent result=Theme |
| 4 | **amend** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **favour** |  |  | the candidate |  |  |  |  | nom favour «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No recount or audit was undertaken in any state

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:e3:o2:1
# text = No recount or audit was undertaken in any state
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	recount	recount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	audit	audit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	undertaken	undertake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **undertake** | past · passive |  | no recount or audit |  | any state |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Congress declined to certify any result

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:e3:o3:1
# text = Congress declined to certify any result
1	Congress	Congress	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	declined	decline	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	certify	certify	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
6	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decline** | past | Congress |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **certify** | to-infinitive | Congress *not said here* | any result |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent result=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Recounts, audits and judicial proceedings did not identify fraud sufficient to alter the result, which Congress certified

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:e3:o4:1
# text = Recounts, audits and judicial proceedings did not identify fraud sufficient to alter the result, which Congress certified
1	Recounts	recount	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	audits	audit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	judicial	judicial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	proceedings	proceedings	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	1	conj	_	_
7	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	identify	identify	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	fraud	fraud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	alter	alter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
18	Congress	Congress	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	certified	certify	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **identify** | past · do-support | Recounts and audits and judicial proceedings | fraud |  |  |  | sufficient *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent fraud=Theme |
| 2 | **alter** | to-infinitive | Recounts and audits and judicial proceedings *not said here* | the result |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent result=Patient |
| 3 | **certify** | past | the result |  |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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