---
title: Grandad says 2020 was "stolen"; the teacher says it was checked many… — US elections and the president, as rep… · tree and pragmatics
description: Grandad says 2020 was "stolen"; the teacher says it was checked many times. What did the reported checks find? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 16 «US elections and the president, as reported» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each op
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · US elections and the president, as reported

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad says 2020 was "stolen"; the teacher says it was checked many times. What did the reported checks find?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Grandad, teacher, reported checks · **What happens:** say, steal, check, report, find · **To what, where:** 2020, teacher · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 16 «US elections and the president, as reported» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Grandad says 2020 was "stolen"; the teacher says it was checked many times.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:t3:1
# text = Grandad says 2020 was "stolen"; the teacher says it was checked many times.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	2020	2020	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	stolen	steal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	checked	check	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	ccomp	_	_
15	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Grandad |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **steal** *in a quote* | past · passive |  | 2020 |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **check** | past · passive |  | teacher |  |  | time |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What did the reported checks find?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:t3:2
# text = What did the reported checks find?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	6	obj	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	reported	report	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	checks	check	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **report** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **find** | past · do-support | the reported checks |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Recounts, audits and court cases did not find fraud big enough to change the result

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:t3:o1:1
# text = Recounts, audits and court cases did not find fraud big enough to change the result
1	Recounts	recount	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	audits	audit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	cases	case	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
7	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	fraud	fraud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
12	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **find** | past · do-support | Recounts and audits and court cases | fraud |  |  |  | big *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fraud=Topic |
| 2 | **change** | to-infinitive | Recounts and audits and court cases *not said here* | the result |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent result=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Congress refused to confirm it, so the old president stayed on for another four years

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:t3:o2:1
# text = Congress refused to confirm it, so the old president stayed on for another four years
1	Congress	Congress	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	refused	refuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	confirm	confirm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	president	president	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	det	_	_
15	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refuse** | past | Congress |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **confirm** | to-infinitive | Congress *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Topic |
| 3 | **stay on** | past | the old president |  |  |  | year |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Courts found the result was wrong and swapped it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:t3:o3:1
# text = Courts found the result was wrong and swapped it
1	Courts	court	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	swapped	swap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | Courts |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | the result |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **swap** | past | Courts *not said here* | result |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No checks were ever done

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported:t3:o4:1
# text = No checks were ever done
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	checks	check	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	5	advmod	_	_
5	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past · passive |  | no checks |  |  | ever |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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