---
title: Grace's aunt says turning back boats saved lives; her uncle says it… — Immigration and borders · tree and pragmatics
description: Grace's aunt says turning back boats saved lives; her uncle says it was too harsh. What is fair? Test 7 · ★★ of lesson 19 «Immigration and borders» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 7 · ★★ · Immigration and borders

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grace's aunt says turning back boats saved lives; her uncle says it was too harsh. What is fair?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** aunt, boats, uncle, it · **What happens:** say, turn back, save, be · **To what, where:** lives · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 19 «Immigration and borders» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/19-immigration-and-borders/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Grace's aunt says turning back boats saved lives; her uncle says it was too harsh.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:19-immigration-and-borders:t7:1
# text = Grace's aunt says turning back boats saved lives; her uncle says it was too harsh.
1	Grace	Grace	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	back	back	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	saved	save	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
9	lives	life	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
16	too	too	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	harsh	harsh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Grace's aunt |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **turn back** | gerund | Grace's aunt *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **save** | past | boats | lives |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | aunt's uncle |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** | past | it |  |  |  |  | harsh *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is fair?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:19-immigration-and-borders:t7:2
# text = What is fair?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | fair *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The same policy can be seen as protection or harshness depending on what you look at

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:19-immigration-and-borders:t7:o1:1
# text = The same policy can be seen as protection or harshness depending on what you look at
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	policy	policy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	protection	protection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	harshness	harshness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	depending	depend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | can · passive |  | the same policy |  |  |  | as protection or harshness | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as protection=Attribute |
| 2 | **depend** | gerund | protection or harshness *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on protection or harshness | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent on what=Theme |
| 3 | **look** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Australia has no policy about boats at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:19-immigration-and-borders:t7:o2:1
# text = Australia has no policy about boats at all
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	policy	policy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Australia | no policy |  |  |  | about boats at all | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent policy=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only the aunt has a real view, because the uncle is just upset

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:19-immigration-and-borders:t7:o3:1
# text = Only the aunt has a real view, because the uncle is just upset
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	view	view	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	just	just	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	upset	upset	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the aunt | a real view |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent view=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | the uncle |  |  |  |  | upset *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Boats never reach Australia, so the argument is pointless

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:19-immigration-and-borders:t7:o4:1
# text = Boats never reach Australia, so the argument is pointless
1	Boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	reach	reach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	pointless	pointless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **reach** | present | Boats | Australia |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent australia=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | the argument |  |  |  |  | pointless *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Immigration and borders, test 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/19-immigration-and-borders/t6/)
- next →: [Immigration and borders, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/19-immigration-and-borders/t8/)
- ↑ back to [Immigration and borders](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/19-immigration-and-borders/)