---
title: Ethan's grandad in Brisbane grumbles: «bloody solar's useless after… — Climate: hot summers and hot arguments · tree and pragmatics
description: Ethan's grandad in Brisbane grumbles: «bloody solar's useless after dark, mate. Who keeps the lights on then? Coal.» What is the fair reply? Test 4 of lesson 21 «Climate: hot summers and hot arguments» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the qu
---

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# Test 4 · Climate: hot summers and hot arguments

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ethan's grandad in Brisbane grumbles: «bloody solar's useless after dark, mate. Who keeps the lights on then? Coal.» What is the fair reply?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** grandad, fair reply · **What happens:** grumble, keep, be · **To what, where:** lights

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 of lesson 21 «Climate: hot summers and hot arguments» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Ethan's grandad in Brisbane grumbles: «bloody solar's useless after dark, mate.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments:t4:1
# text = Ethan's grandad in Brisbane grumbles: «bloody solar's useless after dark, mate.
1	Ethan	Ethan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	grandad	grandad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Brisbane	Brisbane	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	grumbles	grumble	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	bloody	bloody	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	solar	solar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	useless	useless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	after	after	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grumble** *speech: other* | present | Ethan's grandad in Brisbane |  |  |  |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Who keeps the lights on then?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments:t4:2
# text = Who keeps the lights on then?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present |  | the lights |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent light=Theme on then=Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Coal.»

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments:t4:3
# text = Coal.»
1	Coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 4:* What is the fair reply?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments:t4:4
# text = What is the fair reply?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	reply	reply	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the fair reply |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coal power gives off no warming gas

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments:t4:o1:1
# text = Coal power gives off no warming gas
1	Coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	7	det	_	_
6	warming	warming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give off** | present | Coal power | no warming gas |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source gas=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Solar panels work just as well at night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments:t4:o2:1
# text = Solar panels work just as well at night
1	Solar	solar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	panels	panel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	work	work	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	just	just	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADV	3	advmod	_	_
6	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	fixed	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | Solar panels |  |  |  | night |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At night solar needs batteries or other power, and people argue how fast to switch

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments:t4:o3:1
# text = At night solar needs batteries or other power, and people argue how fast to switch
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	solar	solar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
4	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	batteries	battery	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	argue	argue	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
14	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	switch	switch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present |  | batteries or other power |  |  | night |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot battery=Theme |
| 2 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | present | people |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **switch** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Batteries can never store electricity

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments:t4:o4:1
# text = Batteries can never store electricity
1	Batteries	battery	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	store	store	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **store** | can | Batteries | electricity |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent electricity=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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