--- title: Chloe asks: «Can't they just talk?» What is true? — Why wars happen and why they are hard… · tree and pragmatics description: Chloe asks: «Can't they just talk?» What is true? Test 12 of lesson 23 «Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; the UN and NATO» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/t12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/) / [Why wars happen and why they are hard…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/) / t12 # Test 12 · Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; the UN and… Chloe asks: «Can't they just talk?» What is true? **Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Chloe, they · **What happens:** ask, not talk, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is test 12 of lesson 23 «Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; the UN and NATO» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/#t12). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* Chloe asks: «Can't they just talk?» ```conllu # sent_id = question:politics:23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato:t12:1 # text = Chloe asks: «Can't they just talk?» 1 Chloe Chloe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 asks ask VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 3 : : PUNCT : _ 2 punct _ _ 4 « « PUNCT `` _ 9 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 5 Ca can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ SpaceAfter=No 6 n't not PART RB Polarity=Neg 9 advmod _ _ 7 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 8 just just ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 9 talk talk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ? ? PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 11 » » PUNCT '' _ 9 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present | Chloe | | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **not** **talk** *in a quote* | can | they | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* What is true? ```conllu # sent_id = question:politics:23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato:t12:2 # text = What is true? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 4 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | | | | | | true *property* | tree rules | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Countries never talk to each other at all ```conllu # sent_id = question:politics:23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato:t12:o1:1 # text = Countries never talk to each other at all 1 Countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 3 advmod _ _ 3 talk talk VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 each each DET DT ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp 3 obl _ _ 6 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 fixed _ _ 7 at at ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **talk** | present | Countries | | | all | | to each | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to each=Co-Agent | ### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2} Most quarrels are settled by talking; war comes when talking fails or one side uses force ```conllu # sent_id = question:politics:23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato:t12:o2:1 # text = Most quarrels are settled by talking; war comes when talking fails or one side uses force 1 Most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 2 amod _ _ 2 quarrels quarrel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 settled settle VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 by by SCONJ IN _ 6 mark _ _ 6 talking talk VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 7 ; ; PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 8 war war NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 comes come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 10 when when SCONJ WRB _ 12 mark _ _ 11 talking talk VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 12 nsubj _ _ 12 fails fail VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 advcl _ _ 13 or or CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 14 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 15 nummod _ _ 15 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 uses use VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 17 force force NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **settle** | present · passive | | Most quarrels | | | | | vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: subject=Location | | 2 | **talk** | gerund | | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **come** | present | war | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **talk** | gerund | | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **fail** | present | | | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **use** | present | one side | force | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Patient | ### Option 3 {#o3} Talking always causes wars, so leaders should stay quiet ```conllu # sent_id = question:politics:23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato:t12:o3:1 # text = Talking always causes wars, so leaders should stay quiet 1 Talking talk VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 nsubj _ _ 2 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 3 advmod _ _ 3 causes cause VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 wars war NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 6 so so ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 7 leaders leader NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 8 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 stay stay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 10 quiet quiet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **talk** | gerund | | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **cause** | present | | wars | | | | always *property* | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition war=Patient | | 3 | **stay** | should | leaders | | | | | quiet *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 4 {#o4} Only children can stop wars by talking to their friends in other countries ```conllu # sent_id = question:politics:23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato:t12:o4:1 # text = Only children can stop wars by talking to their friends in other countries 1 Only only ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 2 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 stop stop VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 wars war NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 6 by by SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 7 talking talk VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 8 to to ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 friends friend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stop** | can | children | wars | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector war=Eventuality | | 2 | **talk** | gerund | children *not said here* | | | | | to children's friends in other countries | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to friend=Co-Agent | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Why wars happen and why they are hard…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/t11/) - next →: [Why wars happen and why they are hard…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/e1/) - ↑ back to [Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; the UN and NATO](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/)