---
title: Sam's friend from Durban says: «ja, but famine is just old history,… — The wars the news shows less: Sudan an… · tree and pragmatics
description: Sam's friend from Durban says: «ja, but famine is just old history, hey.» How do you correct him? Test 2 of lesson 28 «The wars the news shows less: Sudan and others» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's c
---

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# Test 2 · The wars the news shows less: Sudan and others

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sam's friend from Durban says: «ja, but famine is just old history, hey.» How do you correct him?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** friend, famine, you · **What happens:** say, be, correct · **To what, where:** old history, friend · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 of lesson 28 «The wars the news shows less: Sudan and others» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/28-the-wars-the-news-shows-less-sudan-and-others/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Sam's friend from Durban says: «ja, but famine is just old history, hey.»

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:28-the-wars-the-news-shows-less-sudan-and-others:t2:1
# text = Sam's friend from Durban says: «ja, but famine is just old history, hey.»
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Durban	Durban	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	ja	ja	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
12	famine	famine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
14	just	just	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	hey	hey	INTJ	UH	_	9	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Sam's friend from Durban |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | famine | old history |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* How do you correct him?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:28-the-wars-the-news-shows-less-sudan-and-others:t2:2
# text = How do you correct him?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	correct	correct	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **correct** *speech: disagree* | present · do-support | you |  | friend |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Famine means eating too many sweets

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:28-the-wars-the-news-shows-less-sudan-and-others:t2:o1:1
# text = Famine means eating too many sweets
1	Famine	famine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Famine |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **eat** *not said to happen* | gerund | Famine *not said here* | many sweets |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sweet=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Famine only happens in winter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:28-the-wars-the-news-shows-less-sudan-and-others:t2:o2:1
# text = Famine only happens in winter
1	Famine	famine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present | Famine |  |  |  | winter |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Famine was reported in Darfur in 2024; it happens when wars block food

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:28-the-wars-the-news-shows-less-sudan-and-others:t2:o3:1
# text = Famine was reported in Darfur in 2024; it happens when wars block food
1	Famine	famine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	reported	report	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Darfur	Darfur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	2024	2024	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
12	wars	war	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	block	block	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
14	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **report** | past · passive |  | Famine |  | Darfur |  | in 2024 | vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **happen** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **block** | present | wars | food |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer food=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Famine stopped forever in 1900, when farmers learnt to grow enough food for everyone

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:28-the-wars-the-news-shows-less-sudan-and-others:t2:o4:1
# text = Famine stopped forever in 1900, when farmers learnt to grow enough food for everyone
1	Famine	famine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	forever	forever	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	1900	1900	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	learnt	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | Famine |  |  | 1900 |  | forever *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 1900=Location |
| 2 | **learn** | past | farmers |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **grow** | to-infinitive | farmers *not said here* | enough food |  |  |  | for everyone | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent food=Material for everyone=Beneficiary |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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