---
title: Grandad says, "In my day we showed nothing. Now photo ID? Don't have… — Who can vote, and why children cannot · tree and pragmatics
description: Grandad says, "In my day we showed nothing. Now photo ID? Don't have a cow, it's to stop cheating." ("Don't have a cow" means calm down.) Which is fair? Test 6 · ★ of lesson 3 «Who can vote, and why children cannot» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragma
---

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# Test 6 · ★ · Who can vote, and why children cannot

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad says, "In my day we showed nothing. Now photo ID? Don't have a cow, it's to stop cheating." ("Don't have a cow" means calm down.) Which is fair?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Grandad, we, you, ID · **What happens:** say, show, not have, be, cheat, mean · **To what, where:** nothing, cow · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 3 «Who can vote, and why children cannot» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/3-who-can-vote-and-why-children-cannot/#t6).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Grandad says, "In my day we showed nothing.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:3-who-can-vote-and-why-children-cannot:t6:1
# text = Grandad says, "In my day we showed nothing.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	In	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
10	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Grandad |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **show** *in a quote* | past | we | nothing |  |  | day |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent nothing=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Now photo ID?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:3-who-can-vote-and-why-children-cannot:t6:2
# text = Now photo ID?
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	ID	id	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Don't have a cow, it's to stop cheating."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:3-who-can-vote-and-why-children-cannot:t6:3
# text = Don't have a cow, it's to stop cheating."
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
11	cheating	cheat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | a cow |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | ID |  |  |  |  | stop *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **cheat** | gerund | ID *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 4:* ("Don't have a cow" means calm down.)

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:3-who-can-vote-and-why-children-cannot:t6:4
# text = ("Don't have a cow" means calm down.)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	ccomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
9	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	calm	calm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	ccomp	_	_
11	down	down	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** *in a quote* | infinitive · do-support |  | a cow |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **calm down** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 5:* Which is fair?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:3-who-can-vote-and-why-children-cannot:t6:5
# text = Which is fair?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | fair *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
ID was invented to make grandads cross

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:3-who-can-vote-and-why-children-cannot:t6:o1:1
# text = ID was invented to make grandads cross
1	ID	id	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	invented	invent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	grandads	grandad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invent** | past · passive |  | ID |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | grandads |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **cross** | infinitive | grandads *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
ID means cheating is now impossible forever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:3-who-can-vote-and-why-children-cannot:t6:o2:1
# text = ID means cheating is now impossible forever
1	ID	id	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	cheating	cheating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
6	impossible	impossible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
7	forever	forever	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | ID |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | cheating |  |  |  | now | forever, impossible *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
ID aims to stop cheating; others say it was rare and may stop honest voters

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:3-who-can-vote-and-why-children-cannot:t6:o3:1
# text = ID aims to stop cheating; others say it was rare and may stop honest voters
1	ID	id	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	aims	aim	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	cheating	cheat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	ccomp	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
15	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	voters	voter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aim** | present | ID |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **stop** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | ID *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **cheat** | gerund | ID *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | others |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** | past | ID |  |  |  |  | rare *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **stop** | may | ID *not said here* | honest voters |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality voter=Eventuality |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
ID is only needed for postal votes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:3-who-can-vote-and-why-children-cannot:t6:o4:1
# text = ID is only needed for postal votes
1	ID	id	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	needed	need	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	postal	postal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	votes	vote	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present · passive |  | ID |  |  |  | for postal votes | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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