---
title: State the principal obligation imposed by the Refugee Convention of… — Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the w… · tree and pragmatics
description: State the principal obligation imposed by the Refugee Convention of 1951. Exam question 2 of lesson 30 «Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's cho
---

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# Exam question 2 · Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State the principal obligation imposed by the Refugee Convention of 1951.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** impose · **To what, where:** State principal obligation

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 30 «Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes:e2:1
# text = State the principal obligation imposed by the Refugee Convention of 1951.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	obligation	obligation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	imposed	impose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Refugee	Refugee	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Convention	Convention	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl:agent	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	1951	1951	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **impose** | participle |  | the State principal obligation *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
States shall convey refugees by air only, at their own expense, to a third state

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes:e2:o1:1
# text = States shall convey refugees by air only, at their own expense, to a third state
1	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	convey	convey	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	refugees	refugee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	expense	expense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	17	amod	_	_
17	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **convey** | shall | States | refugees | a third state |  |  | by air | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent refugee=Topic to state=Recipient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
States shall accept no refugees whatsoever, irrespective of the danger faced

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes:e2:o2:1
# text = States shall accept no refugees whatsoever, irrespective of the danger faced
1	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	accept	accept	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	refugees	refugee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	irrespective	irrespective	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	faced	face	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accept** | shall | States | no refugees |  |  |  | whatsoever *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent refugee=Theme |
| 2 | **face** | past | States *not said here* |  |  |  |  | irrespective *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
States shall not return refugees to territories in which they face danger

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes:e2:o3:1
# text = States shall not return refugees to territories in which they face danger
1	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	refugees	refugee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	territories	territory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	face	face	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **return** | shall | States | refugees |  | territories |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent refugee=Theme to territory=Destination |
| 2 | **face** | present | States *= state* | danger |  |  |  | in territories | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent danger=Destination in which=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
States shall return all refugees to their country of origin within seven days

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes:e2:o4:1
# text = States shall return all refugees to their country of origin within seven days
1	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	refugees	refugee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	origin	origin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	within	within	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | shall | States | all refugees |  | States's country of origin | day |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent refugee=Theme to country=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the w…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes/e1/)
- next →: [Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the w…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes/)