---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the w… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the reported effect of sanctions upon Russia? Exam question 3 of lesson 30 «Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the que
---

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# Exam question 3 · Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the reported effect of sanctions upon Russia?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, report, effect · **To what, where:** reported effect, sanctions

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 30 «Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the reported effect of sanctions upon Russia?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	reported	report	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	sanctions	sanction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
14	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Russia	Russia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the reported effect of sanctions upon Russia |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **report** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **effect** |  |  | sanctions upon Russia |  |  |  |  | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They terminated the war within a single week

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes:e3:o1:1
# text = They terminated the war within a single week
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	terminated	terminate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	within	within	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **terminate** | past | They | the war |  |  | week |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent war=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They impaired the Russian economy, whereas they did not bring the war to an end

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes:e3:o2:1
# text = They impaired the Russian economy, whereas they did not bring the war to an end
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	impaired	impair	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **impair** | past | They | the Russian economy |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus economy=Experiencer |
| 2 | **not** **bring** | past · do-support | they | the war |  |  | to a end |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent war=Theme to end=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They exerted no effect whatsoever upon the Russian economy, which grew more swiftly than in any previous year

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes:e3:o3:1
# text = They exerted no effect whatsoever upon the Russian economy, which grew more swiftly than in any previous year
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	exerted	exert	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	14	advmod	_	_
14	swiftly	swiftly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
15	than	than	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	19	det	_	_
18	previous	previous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exert** | past | They | no effect |  |  |  | upon the Russian economy; whatsoever *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | past | the Russian economy |  |  |  | year | swiftly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They augmented Russian revenues from all sources

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes:e3:o4:1
# text = They augmented Russian revenues from all sources
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	augmented	augment	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	revenues	revenue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	sources	source	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **augment** | past | They | Russian revenues |  | all sources |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent revenue=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the w…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes/e2/)
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- ↑ back to [Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes/)