---
title: Identify the principal reason for which elections are conducted by s… — School councils and class reps · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which elections are conducted by secret ballot. Exam question 2 of lesson 37 «School councils and class reps» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 2 · School councils and class reps

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which elections are conducted by secret ballot.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, secret ballot · **What happens:** identify, conduct · **To what, where:** principal reason, elections

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 37 «School councils and class reps» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/37-school-councils-and-class-reps/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:37-school-councils-and-class-reps:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which elections are conducted by secret ballot.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
7	elections	election	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	conducted	conduct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	ballot	ballot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **conduct** | present · passive | secret ballot | elections |  |  |  | for the principal reason | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So that only acquaintances of the candidates may vote, others being unable to see the ballot paper

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:37-school-councils-and-class-reps:e2:o1:1
# text = So that only acquaintances of the candidates may vote, others being unable to see the ballot paper
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	acquaintances	acquaintance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	candidates	candidate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	vote	vote	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
12	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	cop	_	_
13	unable	unable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	ballot	ballot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vote** | may | acquaintances of the candidates |  |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | gerund | others |  |  |  |  | unable *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **see** | to-infinitive | others *not said here* | the ballot paper |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer paper=Stimulus |
| 4 | **acquaint** |  |  | the candidates |  |  |  |  | nom acquaintance «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So that the candidates may not cast a vote

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:37-school-councils-and-class-reps:e2:o2:1
# text = So that the candidates may not cast a vote
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	candidates	candidate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
5	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	cast	cast	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	vote	vote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **cast** | may | the candidates | a vote |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vote=Product |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So that the count may be concluded more slowly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:37-school-councils-and-class-reps:e2:o3:1
# text = So that the count may be concluded more slowly
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	count	count	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	concluded	conclude	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	advmod	_	_
9	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **conclude** | may · passive |  | the count |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So that each voter may choose freely, without pressure from those observing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:37-school-councils-and-class-reps:e2:o4:1
# text = So that each voter may choose freely, without pressure from those observing
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
3	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	voter	voter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	choose	choose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	freely	freely	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	without	without	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	pressure	pressure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	nmod	_	_
13	observing	observe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **choose** | may | each voter |  |  |  |  | without pressure from those; freely *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **observe** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [School councils and class reps, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/37-school-councils-and-class-reps/e1/)
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