---
title: Identify the practice whereby a participant restates the opposing po… — Arguing politely and never calling names · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the practice whereby a participant restates the opposing position in its most cogent form prior to responding. Exam question 2 of lesson 39 «Arguing politely and never calling names» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

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# Exam question 2 · Arguing politely and never calling names

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the practice whereby a participant restates the opposing position in its most cogent form prior to responding.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, participant, cogent · **What happens:** identify, restate, oppose, form, respond · **To what, where:** practice, opposing position

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 39 «Arguing politely and never calling names» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/39-arguing-politely-and-never-calling-names/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:39-arguing-politely-and-never-calling-names:e2:1
# text = Identify the practice whereby a participant restates the opposing position in its most cogent form prior to responding.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	whereby	whereby	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	participant	participant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	restates	restate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	amod	_	_
10	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
13	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	14	advmod	_	_
14	cogent	cogent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	nsubj	_	_
15	form	form	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
16	prior	prior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=SCONJ	18	mark	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	responding	respond	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the practice |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent practice=Theme |
| 2 | **restate** | present | a participant | the opposing position |  |  |  | whereby *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **oppose** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **form** | present | cogent |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **respond** *speech: other* | gerund | cogent *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Steelmanning

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:39-arguing-politely-and-never-calling-names:e2:o1:1
# text = Steelmanning
1	Steelmanning	steelmanning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Seeking a compromise

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:39-arguing-politely-and-never-calling-names:e2:o2:1
# text = Seeking a compromise
1	Seeking	seek	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	compromise	compromise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seek** | gerund |  | a compromise |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent compromise=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Strawmanning the opponent

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:39-arguing-politely-and-never-calling-names:e2:o3:1
# text = Strawmanning the opponent
1	Strawmanning	strawmann	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	opponent	opponent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strawmann** | gerund |  | the opponent |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stereotyping the opponent

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:39-arguing-politely-and-never-calling-names:e2:o4:1
# text = Stereotyping the opponent
1	Stereotyping	stereotype	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	opponent	opponent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stereotype** | gerund |  | the opponent |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent opponent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Arguing politely and never calling names, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/39-arguing-politely-and-never-calling-names/e1/)
- next →: [Arguing politely and never calling names, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/39-arguing-politely-and-never-calling-names/e3/)
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