---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — President and Prime Minister, White Ho… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the distinction between a President of the United States and a Prime Minister of the United Kingdom? Exam question 1 of lesson 5 «President and Prime Minister, White House and Downing Street» of the politics course of Mova's primary sch
---

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# Exam question 1 · President and Prime Minister, White House and Downing Street

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the distinction between a President of the United States and a Prime Minister of the United Kingdom?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** distinction

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 5 «President and Prime Minister, White House and Downing Street» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/5-president-and-prime-minister-white-house-and-downing-street/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:5-president-and-prime-minister-white-house-and-downing-street:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the distinction between a President of the United States and a Prime Minister of the United Kingdom?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	distinction	distinction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	between	between	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	President	President	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	United	United	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	Prime	Prime	PROPN	NNP	_	21	compound	_	_
21	Minister	Minister	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	United	United	PROPN	NNP	_	25	flat	_	_
25	Kingdom	Kingdom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the distinction |  |  |  | of the following statements; between a President of the United States and a Prime Minister of the United Kingdom; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Neither office is subject to any form of election

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:5-president-and-prime-minister-white-house-and-downing-street:e1:o1:1
# text = Neither office is subject to any form of election
1	Neither	neither	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	office	office	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	subject	subject	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	election	election	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | neither office |  |  |  |  | to any form of election; subject *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **form** |  |  | election |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The former is elected in a separate ballot as head of state and of government; the latter leads the party commanding a majority in Parliament

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:5-president-and-prime-minister-white-house-and-downing-street:e1:o2:1
# text = The former is elected in a separate ballot as head of state and of government; the latter leads the party commanding a majority in Parliament
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	elected	elect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	separate	separate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	ballot	ballot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	latter	latter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	nsubj	_	_
19	leads	lead	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	commanding	command	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	acl	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	majority	majority	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Parliament	Parliament	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elect** | present · passive |  | the former |  | a separate ballot |  | as head of state and government | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme as head=Attribute |
| 2 | **lead** | present | the latter | the party |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent party=Theme |
| 3 | **command** | gerund | the party *not said here* | a majority |  | Parliament |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: agent=Agent majority=Theme in parliament=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The former is appointed by the British monarch; the latter is elected by the citizens of every state

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:5-president-and-prime-minister-white-house-and-downing-street:e1:o3:1
# text = The former is appointed by the British monarch; the latter is elected by the citizens of every state
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	appointed	appoint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	monarch	monarch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	latter	latter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	elected	elect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	citizens	citizen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	19	det	_	_
19	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appoint** | present · passive | the British monarch | the former |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 2 | **elect** | present · passive | the citizens of every state | the latter |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both offices are hereditary and pass from parent to child

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:5-president-and-prime-minister-white-house-and-downing-street:e1:o4:1
# text = Both offices are hereditary and pass from parent to child
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	offices	office	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	hereditary	hereditary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	pass	pass	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	parent	parent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | both offices |  |  |  |  | hereditary *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | present | both offices *not said here* |  | child |  |  | from parent | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from parent=Initial\_Location to child=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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