---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Congress and Parliament: how a law is… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the legislative procedure of the United States? Exam question 1 of lesson 6 «Congress and Parliament: how a law is made» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of eac
---

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# Exam question 1 · Congress and Parliament: how a law is made

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the legislative procedure of the United States?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** United States · **What happens:** follow, characteris, proceed · **To what, where:** legislative procedure

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 6 «Congress and Parliament: how a law is made» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the legislative procedure of the United States?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	legislative	legislative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	procedure	procedure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	United	United	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the legislative procedure of the United States |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **proceed** |  | the United States |  |  |  |  |  | nom procedure «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bill becomes law upon its signature by the President irrespective of Congress

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made:e1:o1:1
# text = A bill becomes law upon its signature by the President irrespective of Congress
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bill	bill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	signature	signature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	President	President	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	irrespective	irrespective	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Congress	Congress	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | present | a bill | law |  |  |  | upon bill's signature by the President; of Congress | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **sign** |  | the President | bill |  |  |  |  | nom signature «communication transitive»: poss=patient by=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bill becomes law upon its approval by the House of Representatives alone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made:e1:o2:1
# text = A bill becomes law upon its approval by the House of Representatives alone
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bill	bill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	approval	approval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	House	House	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Representatives	Representative	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | present | a bill | law |  |  |  | upon bill's approval by the House of Representatives; alone *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **approve** |  | the House of Representatives | bill |  |  |  |  | nom approval «act transitive»: poss=patient by=agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bill must be approved by both the House of Representatives and the Senate prior to presentation to the President

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made:e1:o3:1
# text = A bill must be approved by both the House of Representatives and the Senate prior to presentation to the President
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bill	bill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	approved	approve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc:preconj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	House	House	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Representatives	Representative	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
14	Senate	Senate	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
15	prior	prior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	17	case	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	presentation	presentation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	President	President	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **approve** | must · passive | the House of Representatives and the Senate presentation to the President | a bill |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bill is enacted solely by decision of the Supreme Court

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made:e1:o4:1
# text = A bill is enacted solely by decision of the Supreme Court
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bill	bill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	enacted	enact	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Supreme	Supreme	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	Court	Court	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enact** | present · passive | decision of the Supreme Court | a bill |  |  |  | solely *property* | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 2 | **decide** |  |  | the Supreme Court |  |  |  |  | nom decision «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Congress and Parliament: how a law is…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made/t11/)
- next →: [Congress and Parliament: how a law is…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Congress and Parliament: how a law is made](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made/)