---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises Valu… — Taxes and local councils: bins, roads… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises Value Added Tax in the United Kingdom? Exam question 1 of lesson 8 «Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises Value Added Tax in the United Kingdom?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, add · **To what, where:** Value

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 8 «Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises Value Added Tax in the United Kingdom?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	Value	value	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	Added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	Tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	United	United	PROPN	NNP	_	15	flat	_	_
15	Kingdom	Kingdom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | Value and Added Tax in the United Kingdom |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **add** *speech: assert* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A voluntary contribution made at the discretion of the purchaser

```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools:e1:o1:1
# text = A voluntary contribution made at the discretion of the purchaser
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	voluntary	voluntary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	contribution	contribution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	discretion	discretion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	purchaser	purchaser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | a voluntary contribution *not said here* |  | the discretion of the purchaser |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A charge levied exclusively upon food and children's clothing, and upon no other goods whatsoever, at one-fifth of the price

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools:e1:o2:1
# text = A charge levied exclusively upon food and children's clothing, and upon no other goods whatsoever, at one-fifth of the price
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	charge	charge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	levied	levy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	clothing	clothing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	16	det	_	_
15	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	2	conj	_	_
17	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	at	at	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	fifth	fifth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **levy** | participle |  | a charge and no other goods and one fifth of the price *not said here* |  |  |  | upon food and children's clothing; exclusively *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tax added only at the point of sale, always left out of the displayed price, as with US sales tax

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools:e1:o3:1
# text = A tax added only at the point of sale, always left out of the displayed price, as with US sales tax
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sale	sale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	12	advmod	_	_
12	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
13	out	out	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	displayed	display	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	_
17	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
22	sales	sale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	compound	_	_
23	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | participle |  | a tax and US sales tax *not said here* |  | the point of sale |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **leave out** | participle | sale *not said here* | the displayed price |  |  |  | always *property* | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent price=Theme |
| 3 | **display** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **point** |  |  | sale |  |  |  |  | nom point «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tax included within the displayed price of many goods, frequently amounting to one-fifth of that price

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:politics:8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools:e1:o4:1
# text = A tax included within the displayed price of many goods, frequently amounting to one-fifth of that price
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	included	include	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	within	within	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	displayed	display	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	frequently	frequently	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	amounting	amount	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	fifth	fifth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | participle |  | a tax *not said here* |  |  |  | within the displayed price of many goods | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **display** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **amount** | gerund | a tax *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to one fifth of that price; frequently *property* | vn register-54.1-1 «NP V PP.value»: agent=Theme to fifth=Value |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Taxes and local councils: bins, roads…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/t11/)
- next →: [Taxes and local councils: bins, roads…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/)