---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The lie nobody found out: carrying a s… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of a falsehood which remains undiscovered? Exam question 1 of lesson 15 «The lie nobody found out: carrying a secret» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question 
---

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# Exam question 1 · The lie nobody found out: carrying a secret

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of a falsehood which remains undiscovered?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** falsehood · **What happens:** follow, characteris, remain, effect · **To what, where:** effect, falsehood

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 15 «The lie nobody found out: carrying a secret» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/reflection/15-the-lie-nobody-found-out-carrying-a-secret/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:15-the-lie-nobody-found-out-carrying-a-secret:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of a falsehood which remains undiscovered?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	undiscovered	undiscovered	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the effect of a falsehood |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **remain** | present | a falsehood |  |  |  |  | undiscovered *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **effect** |  |  | a falsehood |  |  |  |  | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It ceases to have any effect upon its author within a short period

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:15-the-lie-nobody-found-out-carrying-a-secret:e1:o1:1
# text = It ceases to have any effect upon its author within a short period
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ceases	cease	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
6	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	within	within	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cease** | present | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **have** | to-infinitive |  | any effect |  |  |  | upon effect's author; within a short period | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It invariably brings satisfaction to its author

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:15-the-lie-nobody-found-out-carrying-a-secret:e1:o2:1
# text = It invariably brings satisfaction to its author
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	brings	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	satisfaction	satisfaction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | present | It | satisfaction |  | satisfaction's author |  | invariably *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent satisfaction=Theme to author=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is of consequence only upon its discovery by an adult

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:15-the-lie-nobody-found-out-carrying-a-secret:e1:o3:1
# text = It is of consequence only upon its discovery by an adult
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	discovery	discovery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | of consequence; upon consequence's discovery; by a adult | tree rules |
| 2 | **discover** |  | consequence |  |  |  |  |  | nom discovery «act transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It commonly persists within the mind of its author as a burden borne alone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:reflection:15-the-lie-nobody-found-out-carrying-a-secret:e1:o4:1
# text = It commonly persists within the mind of its author as a burden borne alone
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	commonly	commonly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	persists	persist	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	within	within	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	burden	burden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
13	borne	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **persist** | present | It |  |  |  |  | within the mind of mind's author; as a burden; commonly *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **bear** | participle |  | a burden *not said here* |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **mind** |  |  | mind's author |  |  |  |  | nom mind «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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